条锈病对青海不同抗性小麦品种的为害损失率及防治阈值  

Yield loss rate and control threshold of stripe rust on different resistant wheat varieties in Qinghai,China

作　　者：马文龙 高威正 王成 郭青云 刘万才[2] 姚强 Ma Wenlong;Gao Weizheng;Wang Cheng;Guo Qingyun;Liu Wancai;Yao Qiang(Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences of Qinghai University/Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Agricultural Pests,Xining Qinghai,810000,China;National Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center/National Agricultural Technology Integrated Innovation Center,Beijing 100125,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院/青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室,青海西宁810016 [2]全国农业技术推广服务中心/国家农业技术集成创新中心,北京100125

出　　处：《中国植保导刊》2025年第3期54-59,75,共7页China Plant Protection

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1401000)。

摘　　要：为研究条锈病为害不同抗病水平小麦品种所造成损失的差异,以青海省实际生产中的5个小麦品种为材料,人工接菌后喷施不同剂量的氟环唑、三唑酮和啶氧菌酯,以形成不同的病害梯度,分析不同抗性的供试品种在不同发病程度下的产量损失率,以及品种抗性与植保贡献率之间的关系,明确不同抗性品种的防治阈值。结果显示,产量损失率与病情严重程度显著正相关;挽回损失率与品种抗性相关,抗病性较差的品种挽回损失率更高。Taichuang29(高感)、高原448(中感)、青春38(中抗)、青春343(高抗)的防治阈值分别为抽穗扬花期病情指数7.35、2.25、1.65、1.46;而航优721(近免疫)的病情指数对其产量损失基本不存在直接影响。本研究为利用品种抗病性防治小麦条锈病提供了理论依据。The objective of this study was to examine the difference in the damage and loss caused by stripe rust in wheat varieties with varying degrees of disease resistance levels.Five wheat varieties originating from Qinghai were used as test materials,namely Taichuang29(highly susceptible),Plateau 448(moderately susceptible),Qingchun 38(moderately resistant),Qingchun 343(highly resistant),and HangYou 721(near-immune).These varieties were artificially inoculated and sprayed with varying dosages of 12.5%epoxiconazole,15%triadimefon DP,and 22.5%picoxystrobin to establish different disease gradients.The study then proceeded to analyze the yield loss rate of different resistant varieties under different disease severities,as well as the relationship between varietal resistance and plant protection contribution rate.The control thresholds for the various resistant varieties were determined using the quadratic polynomial regression method.The results revealed a significant positive correlation between the yield loss rate of different varieties and the severity of the disease.Furthermore,the plant protection contribution rate was found to be associated with varietal resistance,and the contribution rates observed in varieties with poorer disease resistance were higher.Specifically,the control thresholds for Taichuang29,Plateau 448,Qingchun 38,and Qingchun 343 were determined to be 7.35,2.25,1.65,and 1.46,respectively,at the tassel lifing stage.This study provides a theoretical foundation for the use of variety resistance to control wheat stripe rust.

关 键 词：西北越夏菌源地 小麦条锈病 植保贡献率 为害损失率 

分 类 号：S435.121.42[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]