基于毛细现象和迈克尔逊干涉法测量液体的折射率  

Measure the Refractive Index of Liquid by Combining Capillary Phenomenon and Michelson Interferometry

作　　者：朱超瑜 蔡佳亮 庞松泽 韩文庆 魏平[1] 高丽[1] 陈小艺[1] 李萍[1] ZHU Chaoyu;CAI Jialiang;PANG Songze;HAN Wenqing;WEI Ping;GAO Li;CHEN Xiaoyi;LI Ping(University of Jinan,School of Physics and Technology,Shandong,Jinan,250022,China)

机构地区：[1]济南大学物理科学与技术学院,山东济南250022

出　　处：《大学物理实验》2025年第2期13-15,36,共4页Physical Experiment of College

基　　金：山东省本科教学改革重点项目(Z2022142,Z2022093,Z2024143);济南大学教改项目(JZD2401,J2408,JPY2201,J2206)。

摘　　要：结合毛细现象和迈克尔逊干涉原理测量液体折射率。首先推导了干涉条纹吞(或吐)的速度与液体折射率的关系式。实验记录了液体经毛细管流出时干涉条纹吞(或吐)的变化视频。编写Matlab程序对视频进行数据处理得到干涉条纹吞(或吐)的速率,代入关系式计算得到了液体折射率,其相对误差为0.76%。实现了液体折射率方便,快捷,准确测量。The refractive index of liquid is measured by combining the capillary phenomenon and the Michelson interference principle.Firstly,the relational expression between the speed at which the interference fringes swallow(or spit out)and the refractive index of the liquid was deduced.In the experiment,a video recording the changes of the interference fringes swallowing(or spitting out)when the liquid flowed out through the capillary tube was made.A Matlab program was written to process the data of the video to obtain the speed,and then this speed was substituted into the relational expression to calculate the refractive index of the liquid.The relative error of the experimental result was 0.76%.Thus,convenient,fast and accurate measurement of the refractive index of liquid was achieved.

关 键 词：液体折射率 迈克尔逊干涉 毛细现象 

分 类 号：O436.1[机械工程—光学工程]