轴向拉-拉疲劳叠加侧向振动疲劳试验方案设计  

Test scheme design for axial tension-tension fatigue combined with lateral vibration fatigue

作　　者：李明 张光[2] 文敏 翟亚浩 LI Ming;ZHANG Guang;WEN Min;ZHAI Yahao

机构地区：[1]中国试验飞行研究院,陕西西安710089 [2]西北工业大学,陕西西安710072

出　　处：《现代机械》2025年第2期29-33,共5页Modern Machinery

摘　　要：航空发动机在服役期间承受低频疲劳大载荷与持续的气流造成的振动疲劳载荷的共同作用,导致其构件的疲劳寿命受到影响。结构振动疲劳特性的影响因素复杂,因此设计轴向拉-拉疲劳叠加侧向振动疲劳试验,研究材料表面疲劳损伤机理,进行疲劳寿命分析有重大意义。以航空发动机常用材料铝合金为例,设计试验方案,研究开展轴向拉-拉疲劳叠加侧向振动疲劳试验的可行性,结果表明:试样在轴向载荷基础上叠加侧向振动载荷时会导致试样发生局部共振,从而对试样疲劳寿命产生影响,采用涡流激振器可实现试样侧向加载,并且该侧向载荷对疲劳试验机不会产生影响或造成损伤。这为设计并进行轴向拉-拉疲劳叠加侧向振动疲劳试验提供了理论基础,证明了试验的可行性。Aero-engines are subjected to the combined effect of low-frequency fatigue heavy loads and vibration fatigue loads caused by continuous airflow during service,resulting in an impact on the fatigue life of the components.Given the complexity of factors influencing the structural vibration fatigue characteristics,it is highly significant to design tests on the axial tension-tension fatigue combined with lateral vibration fatigue to investigate the fatigue damage mechanism and fatigue life of the material surface.Focusing on the widely used material in aviation engines,aluminum alloy,we designed an experimental scheme and explored the feasibility of executing tests on the axial tension-tension fatigue combined with lateral vibration fatigue.The results indicate that the axial tension-tension fatigue combined with lateral vibration fatigue loads indeed leads to local resonance,thereby influencing the fatigue life of the specimens.The application of eddy current exciters allows for lateral loading of specimens without causing damage to the fatigue testing equipment.This study offers a theoretical basis for designing and performing tests on axial tension-tension fatigue combined with lateral vibration fatigue,and proves the feasibility of the experiment.

关 键 词：轴向疲劳 振动疲劳 方案设计 可行性设计 

分 类 号：V214.33[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]