技术封建主义假说及其悖谬——如何解读塞德里克·杜朗的《技术封建主义》?  

The Hypothesis of Techno-feudalism and Its Paradox--How to Interpret Cédric Durand’s Techno-feudalism?

作　　者：蓝江[1] LAN Jiang(Center for Studies of Marxist Social Theory,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学马克思主义社会理论研究中心,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《广西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第3期1-11,共11页Journal of Guangxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“数字经济视阈下马克思主义劳动价值论的深层内涵”(023BSK017)。

摘　　要：在2020年前后诞生的技术封建主义思潮中,法国左翼经济学家塞德里克·杜朗的《技术封建主义》一书是其中最重要的代表作。杜朗从加州意识形态出发,评析了当代高科技创新公司及其对应的硅谷共识的神话。这些高科技公司的成功并不在于其领导者的知识和涵养,也不在于他们的创新精神,而在于他们垄断了一种新的土地:无形资产。他们开创了知识产权租金、自然垄断租金、无形资产的级差租金、动态创新租金等不同的新地租方式,从而创造出一个技术封建主义的假说。在这个假说中,一边是科技新贵们的神话王国,他们奢靡地享受着无形资产垄断带来的巨额租金,另一边则是陷入万劫不复的从事零工经济的朝不保夕的流众。这是新的阶级和生产关系,而这种生产关系,在杜朗看来,由于其造就了全面发展的个体,部分地消除了异化,实际上为共产主义准备了客观的历史条件。The techno-feudalism discourse that emerged around 2020 finds its most significant representation in the work,Techno-feudalism,authored by French left-wing economist Cédric Durand.Departing from the“California Ideology”,Durand critiques contemporary high-tech innovation firms and the corresponding Silicon Valley consensus myth.The success of these firms does not draw from their leaders’knowledge,cultivation,or innovation spirit,but from their monopolization of a new form of“land”:intangible assets.By creating diverse rentier modes such as intellectual property rents,natural monopoly rents,differential rents of intangible assets,and dynamic innovation rents,they formulated the hypothesis of techno-feudalism.In this framework,on one side lies the mythical kingdom of tech elites,lavishing the huge rents collected from intangible asset monopolies,while on the other side are precarious gig economy workers adrift in destitution.This constitutes a novel relation between class and production,which Durand suggests,paradoxically,paves the way for communism by fostering all-around individuals and partially alleviating alienation.

关 键 词：塞德里克·杜朗 技术封建主义 马克思主义 无形资本 

分 类 号：B03[哲学宗教—哲学理论]