植物生长调节剂促进观赏凤梨分蘖有效成分筛选及机制  

Screening of the effective components of the plant growth regulators promoting tillering in ornamental bromeliads and the underlying mechanism

作　　者：王强 马晓云 李钰 冯梦楠 曹冬梅 WANG Qiang;MA Xiaoyun;LI Yu;FENG Mengnan;CAO Dongmei(College Agronomy of Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学园艺学院,太原030031

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2025年第4期1202-1211,共10页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：山西省“特”“优”农业高质量发展科技支撑工程项目(TYGC24-58);山西省科技合作交流专项(202204041101050);山西省农作物种质资源保护资助项目(sxzyk202401-8)资助。

摘　　要：为筛选促进观赏凤梨分蘖的有效试剂,以清水为对照,通过喷施不同浓度乙烯利、多效唑、6-BA等药剂,以期找出最适合促进分蘖的试剂和浓度,并对其促进分蘖的机制进行探讨。结果表明:最适合促进观赏凤梨‘平头红’分蘖的试剂为100 ppm的乙烯利,且处理之前30天停止施肥,用碳酸钾调节乙烯利pH值至6时最适合分蘖,分蘖系数可达10以上;乙烯利处理增加叶片数和株高,但叶长、叶宽、冠幅与对照差异很小;此外,乙烯利处理增加了根茎叶C/N比值和处理后期叶绿素含量;乙烯利处理还促进了植物全氮、全磷、全钾积累,随着分蘖数不断的增加,全氮、全磷、全钾含量不断升高,说明乙烯利可能是通过增加根茎叶C/N比值和全氮、全磷、全钾含量,进而促进分蘖。该结果为观赏凤梨种苗繁育提供了技术上的支持,为实现观赏凤梨种苗本地化提供了可能。To screen the effective reagents for promoting the tillering of Ornamental bromeliads,different concentrations of ethephon,paclobutrazol,and 6-BA were used,with water as the control.The tillering-promoting effects were evaluated,and the underlying mechanism was explored.The results showed that 100 ppm ethephon was the most suitable reagent for promoting the tillering of ornamental bromeliads‘flat-headed red’.Under the concentration of 100 ppm ethephon,the tillering coefficient could reach 10 or above when the fertilization was stopped 30 days before the treatment,and pH of ethephon solution was adjusted to 6 with potassium carbonate.Compared with the control,ethephon treatment increased leaf number and plant height,while had limited effects on leaf length,leaf width,and crown width.Moreover,ethephon treatment promoted C/N ratio in roots,stems and leaves,the chlorophyll content in the later stage,as well as the accumulation of total nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in plants.The contents of total nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium were positively related to tiller number.These results suggested that the ethephon treatment might promote tillering through increasing C/N ratio and the contents of total nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in ornamental bromeliads.This work provided technical support for the breeding of ornamental bromeliad seedlings and the possibility of localizing ornamental bromeliad seedlings.

关 键 词：观赏凤梨 分蘖 乙烯 C/N比 叶绿素 氮 磷 钾 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]