草地农用机械发展现状  

Development Status of Grassland Agricultural Machinery

作　　者：杨昊谕[1,2] 田绍楠 潘智浩 张蕾[1] 于海业[1] Yang Haoyu;Tian Shaonan;Pan Zhihao;Zhang Lei;Yu Haiye(College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China;Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学生物与农业工程学院,长春130022 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130102

出　　处：《农机化研究》2025年第7期1-8,17,共9页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：黑土地保护与利用科技创新工程专项(XDA28110302);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1500504)。

摘　　要：近年来,随着农牧业相关国家政策的大力推行,畜牧业在我国农业生产中的比重渐趋上升。我国作为农业大国,与牧草生产相关的机械化水平却发展较为缓慢,牧草机械作为畜牧业和草业生产过程中的重要载体和关键技术手段,其发展的滞后,不仅影响着牧草的产量和质量,同时也制约着我国农业生产总体水平的提高。为此,着眼草地农用机械的发展现状,根据牧草生产过程中的不同阶段,对国内外目前主要的草地播种机械、改良机械、收获机械和加工机械的发展情况进行了综合比较,总结分析了各时期草地农用机械的工作原理和技术特点。在阐述现有各种机型特点的基础上,指出目前我国草地农用机械面临的主要问题,并提出解决建议:加强农机农艺融合,大力发展自动化、智能化、数字化与机电液一体化多机型联合作业机械,加深对关键部件现代化技术的研究,以期为进一步提高自主精准农业发展提供技术支撑。In recent years,with the vigorous implementation of national policies related to agriculture and animal husbandry,the proportion of animal husbandry in China′s agricultural production has gradually increased.As a major agricultural country,China′s mechanization level related to forage production has developed relatively slowly.As an important carrier and key technology in animal husbandry and forage grass production processes,the lagging development of forage grass machinery not only affects the yield and quality of forage grass,but also restricts the overall level of China′s agricultural production.For this,focused on the current development status of forage grass agricultural machinery.Based on the different stages of forage grass production,a comprehensive comparison was made between the development of main forage grass sowing machinery,forage grass improvement machinery,forage grass harvesting machinery,and forage grass processing machinery at home and abroad.The working principles and technical characteristics of forage grass agricultural machinery in each stage were summarized and analyzed.On the basis of elaborating on the characteristics of various existing models,the main problems faced by forage grass agricultural machinery in China were pointed out,and solution ways were also proposed to strengthen the integration mode of agricultural machinery and agronomy,vigorously develop automation,intelligence,digitization,and mechatronics hydraulic integration multi model joint operation machinery,deepen research on key component modernization technology,in order to provide technical support for further improving the development of autonomous precision agriculture.

关 键 词：草地 牧草播种机械 改良机械 收获机械 牧草加工机械 

分 类 号：S233.9[农业科学—农业机械化工程]