一种折叠臂式棕榈果采摘设备结构设计  

Structure Design of Folding Arm Type Palm Fruit Harvesting Equipment

作　　者：张浩 肖永茂 鄢威 Zhang Hao;Xiao Yongmao;Yan Wei(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,U··r u··mqi 830052,China;School of Computer Science and Information,Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities,Duyun 558000,China;School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学机电工程学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]黔南民族师范学院计算机与信息学院,贵州都匀558000 [3]武汉科技大学汽车与交通工程学院,武汉430081

出　　处：《农机化研究》2025年第7期95-99,共5页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51975432);湖南省2022年社会科学成果评委会项目(XSP22YBC081)。

摘　　要：针对棕榈果采摘难度大、采摘危险性高、工作效率低和劳动力不足等问题,设计了一种折叠臂式棕榈果采摘设备。该设备能够一体化实现棕榈果串的采摘和收集,最大作业高度10 m,最大作业半径为5 m,可收集的果实最大质量为60 kg。通过对两种极限工况,即设备处于最大工作半径和最大工作高度时的臂架有限元仿真分析,验证了所设计的采摘机结构合理,满足强度和刚度要求。与人工采摘和侧挂式采摘机进行对比试验,结果表明:样机测试工作效率较人工采摘提升126.6%,较侧挂式采摘机提升40.8%。该设备能够实现棕榈果采摘的半自动化,提高了棕榈果采摘效率,降低了果农劳动强度和采摘危险程度。Aiming at the problems such as high difficulty,high risk,low efficiency and insufficient labor force in picking palm fruit,a folding arm type palm fruit harvesting equipment was designed.The device can be integrated to harvest and collect palm fruit clusters,with maximum working height of 10 m,maximum working radius of 5 m,and maximum weight of 60 kg of fruit to be collected.Through the finite element simulation analysis of the boom under two extreme working conditions,namely the maximum working radius and maximum working height,the design of the picker was verified to be reasonable in structure and meet the requirements of strength and stiffness.Through the prototype test,and compared with manual picking and side hanging picking machine,the testing efficiency of the prototype was improved by 126.6%compared with manual picking and 40.8%compared with side-hanging picking machine.The device can realize the semi-automation of palm fruit picking,improve the efficiency of palm fruit picking,reduce the fruit farmers labor intensity and picking risk.

关 键 词：棕榈果采摘 结构设计 折叠臂 有限元分析 

分 类 号：S225.93[农业科学—农业机械化工程]