水稻软盘毯状苗分离机性能试验  

Performance Test of Rice Soft Disk Blanket Seedling Separator

作　　者：毛欣[1,2] 赵语轩 衣淑娟 陶桂香[1,2] 田永久 Mao Xin;Zhao Yuxuan;Yi Shujuan;Tao Guixiang;Tian Yongjiu(College of Engineering,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,China;Heilongjiang Engineering Technology Research Center for Rice Ecological Seedings Device and Whole Process Mechanization,Daqing 163319,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学工程学院,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]黑龙江省水稻生态育秧装置及全程机械化工程技术研究中心,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《农机化研究》2025年第7期217-224,共8页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：黑龙江八一农垦大学“三纵”科研支持计划项目(ZRCPY202105);中央引导地方科技发展专项(ZY20B05)。

摘　　要：目前,我国水稻生产种植过程中水稻毯状苗与塑料软盘的分离仍需大量人工。为实现机械化,并解决分离环节生产成本高、劳动强度大的问题,通过对国内外分离机械、育秧机械的分析,并结合相关农艺要求,研制了一款水稻毯状苗与塑料软盘分离机。同时,设计水稻软盘毯状苗分离机性能试验,以分离速度、扶苗机构扶苗手夹持间隙和分离机构分离爪初始位置与输送机构的夹角为试验因素,以水稻软盘毯状苗分离率、毯状苗茎叶损伤率和毯状苗基质损伤率为评价指标,对水稻软盘毯状苗分离机进行单因素试验与多因素正交试验。试验结果表明:较优组合为分离速度500 mm/s、扶苗机构扶苗手夹持间隙2.00 mm、分离机构分离爪初始位置与输送机构的夹角0°,满足农业机械作业标准。At present,the separation of rice blanket seedlings from plastic floppy disks in China′s rice production and planting process still requires a large amount of manual labor.To achieve mechanization and solve the problems of high production costs and high labor intensity in the separation process,by analyzing and researching the separation machinery and seedling raising machinery at home and abroad,and combining with relevant agronomic requirements,a rice blanket seedling and plastic floppy disk separation machine had been designed.Designed a performance test of a rice soft disk blanket seedling separator,with the separation speed,the gap between the support seedling hands of the support seedling mechanism,and the angle between the initial position of the separation claw of the separation mechanism and the conveying mechanism as experimental factors.Evaluate the rice soft disk blanket seedling separation rate,the damage rate of the blanket seedling stem and leaf,and the damage rate of the blanket seedling matrix as evaluation indicators.Conducted single factor and multi factor orthogonal experiments on the rice soft disk blanket seedling separator.The experimental results showed that the optimal combination was a separation speed of 500 mm/s,a clamping gap of 2.00 mm for the seedling support mechanism,and an angle of 0°between the initial position of the separation claw of the separation mechanism and the conveying mechanism,which met agricultural machinery operation standards.

关 键 词：水稻毯状苗 塑料软盘 分离机 性能试验 

分 类 号：S223.13[农业科学—农业机械化工程]