温室基质块苗移栽变间距接苗杯部件设计与试验  

Design and Testing of Variable Spacing Catcher Cup Components forTransplanting Greenhouse Substrate Seedlings

作　　者：熊宵 王宏刚 周海丽 童俊华[1] 李振[1] 饶益成 Xiong Xiao;Wang Honggang;Zhou Haili;Tong Junhua;Li Zhen;Rao Yicheng(Faculty of Machanical Engineering,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Zhejiang Hangji Machine Tool Co.,Ltd,Hangzhou 310012,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学机械工程学院,杭州310018 [2]浙江杭机股份有限公司杭州分公司,杭州310012

出　　处：《农机化研究》2025年第7期225-229,共5页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：浙江省“领雁”研发攻关计划项目(2022C02026);浙江理工大学科研启动基金项目(19022456-Y)。

摘　　要：当前,我国温室基质块苗分栽作业主要依靠人力,劳动强度大、效率低。为提高分栽效率及稳定性,设计了一种适用于温室基质块苗移栽的纵、横向变间距分离接苗杯部件,并对接苗杯部件进行纵向变间距设计和受力分析。采用ADAMS对部件横移过程进行仿真分析,确定影响移栽性能的主要工作因素,设定接苗杯整体横向移动速度0.32 m/s,并采用Design-Expert开展响应面分析。试验结果表明:缓冲带弹性系数0.66 N/m、接苗杯纵向等距分离速度0.24 m/s、接苗杯整体横向油压缓冲器吸收能量30 J为最佳参数组合,在最佳参数组合下,移栽成功率为97.2%,移栽效率为9 600株/h。研究结果可为变间距分栽自动化研究提供参考。At present,greenhouse transplanting of seedlings relies mainly on human labour,which is labour-intensive and inefficient.In order to improve the efficiency and stability of transplanting,this paper designs a longitudinal and transversal variable pitch separating cup component for transplanting greenhouse substrate seedlings.The design of the longitudinal spacing and the force analysis of the cups were carried out,and ADAMS was used to simulate the transverse movement of the cups.The main operating factors affecting the transplanting performance were identified,and the overall lateral movement speed of the cups was set at 0.32 m/s.Response surface analysis was carried out using Design-Expert.The test showed that the optimum combination of buffer belt elasticity of 0.66 N/m,longitudinal equidistant separation speed of 0.24 m/s and energy absorption of 30 J by the overall transverse hydraulic buffer of the catcher cup was the best combination of parameters,with a transplanting success rate of 97.2%and transplanting efficiency of 9600 plants/h.This study can provide a reference for research on the automation of variable pitch transplanting.

关 键 词：温室 基质块苗 变间距 分栽 正交试验 

分 类 号：S223.94[农业科学—农业机械化工程]