长江口新桥水道冲淤演变特征及归因分析  

Evolution Characteristics and Attribution Analysis of Scouring and Sedimentation in the Xinqiao Channel of Yangtze River Estuary

作　　者：陈思元 方园皓[1] 刘羽婷 徐双全[3] 蒋晓雯 张行南[1] CHEN Siyuan;FANG Yuanhao;LIU Yuting;XU Shuangquan;JIANG Xiaowen;ZHANG Xingnan(College of Hydrology and Water Resources,Hohai University,Nanjing 210024,Jiangsu,China;Hydrology and Water Resources Survey Bureau of Yangtze River Estuary,Bureau of Hydrology of Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Shanghai 200136,China;Shanghai Water Authority,Shanghai 200050,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源学院,江苏南京210024 [2]长江水利委员会水文局长江口水文水资源勘测局,上海200136 [3]上海市水务局,上海200050

出　　处：《水力发电》2025年第5期8-16,24,共10页Water Power

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC0409000);上海市海洋局科研项目(沪海科2024-01号)。

摘　　要：为探讨长江口新桥水道滩涂地貌冲淤演变特征及影响因素,基于1983年~2023年实测水下地形数据,利用ArcGIS和MIKE21软件分别绘制地貌形态演变图、冲淤演变图和流速流向变化图,采用整体与分区、定性与定量等方法分析地貌形态演变与冲淤变化特征,从上游来水来沙与北支倒灌、工程建设、泥沙运动等方面分析研究区地貌变化驱动因子。结果表明:研究区上段呈淤积趋势,中段略微淤积,下段略微冲刷;扁担沙发育与新桥水道形态具有相互作用关系;东风西沙水库的建设对地貌演变产生制约性影响,尤其是上段区域。研究成果可为长江口滩涂演变分析及综合治理提供借鉴与参考。In order to explore the characteristics and influencing factors of the evolution of mudflat topography and siltation in the Xinqiao Channel of Yangtze River estuary,the maps of geomorphic morphology,siltation,and flow velocity and direction are drawn by ArcGIS and MIKE21 software respectively based on the measured underwater topographic data from 1983 to 2023,and the overall and zoning,qualitative and quantitative methods are used to analyze the characteristics of geomorphic morphology and siltation.The driving factors of geomorphologic changes in the study area are analyzed from the aspects of upstream water and sand inflow,north branch backflow,engineering construction,and sediment movement.The results show that:the upper part of study area shows a trend of siltation,the middle part is slightly silted,and the lower part is slightly flushed;the development of the Biandansha sand interacts with the morphology of the Xinqiao Channel;the construction of the Dongfengxisha Reservoir has a constraining influence on the geomorphologic evolution,especially in the upper part of the area.The results of the study can provide reference for the analysis of mudflat evolution and the comprehensive management of mudflat in Yangtze River estuary.

关 键 词：冲淤演变 地貌形态演变 ARCGIS 河口滩涂 新桥水道 长江口 

分 类 号：TV148[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]