果园植保机械的研究现状与发展趋势  

Research Status and Development Trend of Plant Protection Machinery in Orchard

作　　者：刘晓瑜 何义川 汤智辉 沈帅 张超[6] 张宗伟 LIU Xiaoyu;HE Yichuan;TANG Zhihui;SHEN Shuai;ZHANG Chao;ZHANG Zongwei(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Tarim University,Alaer 843300,China;College of Engineering,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;School of Mechanical Science and Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(XPCC)Key Laboratory of Utilization and Equipment of Special Agricultural and Forestry Products in Southern Xinjiang,Alaer 843300,China;Modern Agricultural Engineering Key Laboratory at Universities of Education Department of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Alaer 843300,China;Center of Agriculture Machinery Extension of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Urumqi 830002,China;Xinjiang Hejing Tongwei Machinery Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Tiemenguan 841302,China)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学机械电气化工程学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]华中农业大学工学院,湖北武汉430070 [3]华中科技大学机械科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430070 [4]南疆特色农林产物利用与装备兵团重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [5]自治区教育厅普通高等学校现代农业工程重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [6]新疆生产建设兵团农机技术推广总站,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [7]新疆和静通威机械设备有限责任公司,新疆铁门关841302

出　　处：《现代农业装备》2025年第2期25-33,共9页Modern Agricultural Equipment

基　　金：兵团财政科技计划资助(2024BA005,2021AA005);新疆维吾尔自治区地方标准制(修)订计划项目(XJ23-147);师市科技攻关计划项目(2023GG2201,2024ZB01)。

摘　　要：果园种植生产过程中,病虫害的预防与控制是提高果品品质和产量的重要因素,采用精准施药技术能够有效预防病虫害以及减少药液对环境的污染。我国的果园机械化发展正处于一个加速成长的关键阶段,将农机与农艺进行有效的整合,不仅是实现果园植保机械化进程的关键,也是推动先进适宜农业技术广泛应用的必由之路。通过分析国内外植保机械的发展现状,对当前现有的果园植保机械进行归纳和总结,指出使用过程中的问题,阐述了关键技术,并分析其优缺点,为果园植保装备的发展提供参考。In the process of orchard planting and production,the prevention and control of diseases and pests is an important factor to improve fruit quality and yield.The use of precision medicine application technology can effectively prevent diseases and pests and reduce the pollution of medicine liquid to the environment.The development of orchard mechanization in China is in a critical stage of accelerating growth.The effective integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy is not only the key to realize the mechanization process of orchard plant protection,but also the only way to promote the wide application of advanced and appropriate agricultural technology.This paper analyzed the development status of plant protection machinery in China,and summarized the current existing orchard plant protection machinery,pointed out the problems in the orchard planting process,expounded the key technologies of plant protection machinery,analyzed its advantages and disadvantages,and provided reference for the development of orchard plant protection equipment.

关 键 词：果园植保 喷雾机 精准施药 变量施药 

分 类 号：S224.3[农业科学—农业机械化工程]