洋水矿区地下磷矿开采顶板管理技术的研究与应用  

Research and Application of Roof Management Technology for Underground Phosphate Mining in Yangshui Mining Area

作　　者：罗烨 韩宏裕 游波 崔大雄 汪欣怡 LUO Ye;HAN Hongyu;YOU Bo;CUI Daxiong;WANG Xinyi(Guizhou Kailin(Group)Co.,LTD.,Guiyang Guizhou 550000,China;College of Resources,Environment and Safety Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan Hunan 411201,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州开磷(集团)有限责任公司,贵州贵阳550000 [2]湖南科技大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《安全》2025年第4期33-39,共7页Safety & Security

基　　金：贵州开磷有限责任公司企业合作项目(KLGF-KLYX技术〔2023〕0055号)。

摘　　要：针对贵州洋水矿区磷矿开采中高渗水、顶板失稳等安全隐患问题,本文以开磷集团用沙坝矿850中段9盘区上盘分层采场为工程背景,开展顶板动态监测与安全预警技术研究。通过地质结构分析与顶板位移量测定,研发了由8个特制传感器、数据采集器及配套软件组成的高精度顶板离层监测系统,具备实时数据采集、分析和动态预警功能。监测结果表明:采场顶板最大离层位移达41.26 mm,虽受采掘扰动显著,但整体处于可控状态;微震事件在顶板#2、#6、#7传感器区域呈现空间聚集特征,其发生频次与工作面推进速度呈正相关。基于位移阈值建立了三级风险预警机制,实现顶板稳定性定量评价与分级预警。研究成果可为高渗水环境下磷矿安全开采提供可靠的动态监测技术体系,有效提升矿山顶板灾害防控能力与资源回采效率。In response to safety hazards such as high-water seepage and roof instability during the phosphate mining in the Yangshui mining area of Guizhou,in this paper,the dynamic roof monitoring and safety early-warning technologies are carried out,taking the upper sublevel stope of the Panel No.9 in the No.850 middle section of the Yongshaba Mine(Kailin Group)as the engineering case.Through geological structure analysis and roof displacement measurement,a high-precision roof separation monitoring system comprising eight custom-designed sensors,a data acquisition unit,and supporting software was developed,which is capable of real-time data acquisition,analysis,and dynamic early warning.Monitoring results show that the maximum roof separation displacement in the stope reached 41.26 mm,which remains under overall control while significantly influenced by mining-induced disturbances;and that microseismic events exhibit the spatial clustering feature in regions monitored by No.2,No.6 and No.7 sensors,with their frequency positively correlated with the advancing rate of the mining face.A three-grade risk early-warning mechanism was established based on displacement thresholds,enabling quantitative stability evaluation and graded risk alerts.The research outcomes provide a reliable dynamic monitoring technology system for the safe phosphate mining in high water-seepage environments,effectively enhancing roof disaster prevention capabilities and resource extraction efficiency.

关 键 词：深部磷矿 顶板位移 围岩震动 监测预警 

分 类 号：X936[环境科学与工程—安全科学]