基于D-I-M模型的地下金属矿山中毒窒息事故致因分析  

Cause Analysis of Poisoning and Asphyxiation Accidents in Underground Metal Mines Based on D-I-M Model

作　　者：徐晓虎[1] 许开立[1] 付士根[2] 韩浩亮 李季硕 XU Xiaohu;XU Kaili;FU Shigen;HAN Haoliang;LI Jishuo(School of Resources and Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang Liaoning 110819,China;China Academy of Safety Science and Technology,Beijing 100012,China;Information Research Institute of Ministry of Emergency Management,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,辽宁沈阳110819 [2]中国安全生产科学研究院,北京100012 [3]应急管理部信息研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《安全》2025年第4期53-61,共9页Safety & Security

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3001300)。

摘　　要：为分析地下金属矿山火灾、炮采烟气中毒窒息事故致因因素间的复杂耦合关系,通过引入决策实验室分析法(DEMATEL)、解释结构模型(ISM)与交叉影响矩阵相乘法(MICMAC),构建基于三角模糊数的D-I-M耦合模型,以此模型综合分析地下金属矿山中毒窒息事故致因,包括致因因素的重要程度及因果属性,明确各致因因素间的结构层次关系,确定各致因因素在整个事故致因链中的作用。结果表明:安全氛围差为根本致因,原因度最高、驱动力最强;班组长管理松散、安监人员监督不到位、安全规章制度不完善、安全规章制度不落实及安全教育培训次数少效果差为过渡致因,原因度与驱动力均较强;其他因素为直接致因因素,原因度低、依赖度强。可见,重视企业安全文化建设、营造良好的安全氛围可从根源防治中毒窒息事故。In order to analyze the complex coupling relationship between the factors of poisoning and asphyxiation accidents in underground metal mines,a multi-dimensional coupling model was constructed to comprehensively analyze the causes of metal mine poisoning and asphyxiation accidents.By decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory(DEMATEL),interpretive structure model(ISM)and the matrices impacts croises-multiplication appliance classement(MICMAC),the DEMATEL-ISM-MICMAC coupling model based on triangular fuzzy number is constructed to analyze the importance degree and causal attribute of the factors causing the poisoning asphyxia accident in underground metal mines,clarify the structural hierarchy relationship among the factors,and determine the role of each factor in the whole accident chain.The results show that poor safety atmosphere is the fundamental cause of poisoning and asphyxiation accidents,with the highest degree of cause and the strongest driving force.Loose management of team leader,inadequate supervision of safety supervision personnel,imperfect safety rules and regulations,incomplete implementation of safety rules and regulations,and poor effect of safety education and training are the causes of transition,and the cause degree and driving force are strong.Other factors are direct causative factors with low causation degree and strong dependence degree.Attaching importance to the construction of enterprise safety culture and creating a good safety atmosphere can prevent poisoning and asphyxia accidents from the root cause.

关 键 词：金属矿山 中毒窒息 D-I-M 事故致因 安全管理 

分 类 号：X961[环境科学与工程—安全科学]