我国爆炸物危险性分类标准与GHS的对比研究  

Comparative Study of Rules for Explosives Classification in China and GHS

作　　者：陈谦 余辛 CHEN Qian;YU Xin(Shanghai Emergency Management and Chemical Registration Center,Shanghai 200020,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市应急管理事务和化学品登记中心,上海200020

出　　处：《安全》2025年第4期86-90,共5页Safety & Security

摘　　要：为推动我国爆炸物危险性分类体系与国际规范接轨,提升化学品安全管理的科学化水平,采用文献法和对比法,对比研究我国现行爆炸物分类标准GB 30000.2-2013《化学品分类和标签规范第2部分:爆炸物》与联合国《全球化学品统一分类和标签制度》(GHS)第十修订版存在的技术代差问题。系统梳理两者在定义范围、分类标准、危险公示要素、判定逻辑等方面的差异,并提出针对性修订建议。结果表明:GHS第十修订版新增子类别划分标准,增设危险公示要素,重构判定逻辑,并引入新的试验方法;现行国标存在分类标准滞后、危险公示要素不完整、测试方法未更新等问题。建议尽快启动相应的修订工作,以提升我国化学品分类和标签规范的科学性和适用性。In order to promote the alignment of China's explosive hazard classification system with international standards and enhance the scientific level of the chemical safety management,a comparative study was conducted on the technical gap between the China's current explosive classification standard Rules for Classification and Labelling of Chemicals:Part 2 Explosives(GB 30000.2-2013)and the Tenth Revised Edition of the United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals(GHS).Using literature review and comparative methods,the differences in aspects of definition scope,classification criteria,hazard communication elements,and judgement logic were systematically reviewed,and the targeted revision recommendations were proposed.The results show that the tenth revised edition of the GHS adds new sub-category classification criteria,increases hazard communication elements,rebuilds decision logic,and introduces novel testing methods;and that the current national standard exhibits issues such as outdated classification criteria,incomplete hazard communication elements,and obsolete testing methods.It is recommended to expedite corresponding revision efforts to improve the scientificity and applicability of China's chemicals classification and labeling specifications.

关 键 词：爆炸物 化学品 联合国全球化学品统一分类和标签制度(GHS) 

分 类 号：X965[环境科学与工程—安全科学]