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作 者:李永春[1] LI Yong-chun(College of Humanities,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing Heilongjiang 163318,China)
机构地区:[1]东北石油大学人文科学学院,黑龙江大庆163318
出 处:《语言研究》2025年第2期95-103,共9页Studies in Language and Linguistics
基 金:教育部人文社科基金青年项目“基于概念场的上古汉语身体位移动词研究”(23YJC740034);黑龙江省哲学社会科学基金项目“基于概念场的汉语身体位移动词历时演变共时分布研究”(21YYB159)。
摘 要:“捞取”义动词是日常生活中的常用词。“捞取”义动词在上古时期主要有“捞”“摷”,中古时期主要有“捞”“摝”“漉”,近代时期主要有“捞”“摝”“漉”“笊”“捞摝/捞漉”“打捞”。“捞”最早见于扬雄《方言》,唐宋时期成为“捞取”概念场主导词,元明清时期“捞”的用法在继承基础上有所发展,主导词地位更加巩固,在现代汉语方言中“捞”的使用地域最广。复音词“捞摝/捞漉”“打捞”的出现与汉语双音化发展之大势密切相关。“打捞”“捞摝/捞漉”的兴亡与各自承担的语义功能有直接关系。“捞”“打捞”在近代汉语里组合关系越来越丰富符合汉语表达朝向精密化发展的必然要求。The verb Laoqu(捞取)is a common word in everyday life.In the ancient times,there were mainly Chao(摷)and Lao(捞),in the medieval times,there were mainly Lao(捞),Lu(摝)and Lu(漉),and in the modern times,there were mainly Lao(捞),Lu(摝),Lu(漉),Zhao(笊),Laolu(捞摝)/Laolu(捞漉)and Dalao(打捞).Lao(捞)appeared earlier in Dialect by Yang Xiong(扬雄).In Tang(唐)and Song(宋)dynasties it became the leading word in the concept field of Laoqu(捞取).In Yuan(元),Ming(明)and Qing(清)dynasties,the usage of Lao(捞)was further improved and its dominant position was further consolidated.In modern Chinese dialects,Lao(捞)is the most widely used area.The emergence of two polyphonic words Laolu(捞摝)/Laolu(捞漉)and Dalao(打捞)is closely related to the development trend of Chinese disyllaby.The rise and fall of Laolu(捞摝)/Lao lu(捞漉)and Dalao(打捞)are directly related to their respective semantic functions.The combination of Lao(捞)and Dalao(打捞)became more and more abundant in modern times,which met the inevitable requirements of the development of Chinese expression toward precision.
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