晋语沁源话“是”的两种虚化功能探析  

An Analysis of the Two Grammaticalized Functions of"Shi(是)"in Qinyuan(沁源)Dialect of Jin(晋)Chinese

作　　者：郑晶[1] 洪波[1] ZHENG Jing;HONG Bo(School of Literature,Capital Normal University,Beijing 10089,China)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学文学院,北京100089

出　　处：《语言研究》2025年第2期116-127,共12页Studies in Language and Linguistics

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“面向国际中文教育的现代汉语虚词知识库建设与研究”(22BYY161)。

摘　　要：文章讨论晋语沁源话虚词“是”的句末语气词与话题标记功能,揭示其语法化路径及类型学特征。研究表明:(1)句末语气词“是[sl^(21)]”以命题确认为核心,在中性语境中通过信息确认触发提醒性会话隐涵,在负面语境中进一步衍生出传递不满的情感评价功能,并激活修正性会话隐涵;(2)话题标记“是[sl^(0)]”作为轻声音节,强制标记高可及性及对比性话题,其所标记的话题在认知上更为突显,适配三种句类和五种话题类型。This paper systematically describes the sentence-final modal particle and topic marker functions of the grammaticalized word"shi(是)"in Qinyuan(沁源)dialect of Jin(晋)Chinese,while elucidating its grammaticalization pathway and typological features.The study shows that:(1)The sentence-final modal particle"shi[sl^(21)]"centers on propositional confirmation.In neutral contexts,it triggers reminder conversational implicature through information confirmation;in negative contexts,it further develops an emotional evaluation function expressing discontent and activates corrective conversational implicature.(2)The topic marker"shi[sl^(0)]"functions as an unstressed syllable,mandatorily marking high-accessible and contrastive topics.Topics marked by"shi[sl^(0)]"are cognitively more salient,accommodating three sentence types and five topic categories.

关 键 词：“是” 语气词 确认语气 不满语气 话题标记 

分 类 号：H179[语言文字—汉语]