论沅陵乡话的完成表达方式  

On the Completion Expression of Yuanling(沅陵)Township Dialect

作　　者：全立波 QUAN Li-bo(School of General Education,Hunan University of Information Technology,Changsha Hunan 410151,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南信息学院通识教育学院,长沙410151

出　　处：《语言研究》2025年第2期128-138,共11页Studies in Language and Linguistics

摘　　要：文章对沅陵乡话中的“解”和“□_(成)t^(h)a55”从用法、形成、跨语言等角度作了深入地独立描写、纵向考察和横向比较:(1)由于其各自原本动词义的“语义滞留”,使得它们在表达完成时不仅在与其搭配的各句法成分的制约上体现出来,而且也能在同形句法格式上通过语用义的差异体现出来;(2)“解”和“□_(成)t^(h)a^(55)”在语法化为“完成体助词”的道路上的成熟程度是不相同的,“解”比“□_(成)t^(h)a^(55)”要更活跃,而且它们的语法化动因也不相同,“解”是自身独立发展的,“□_(成)t^(h)a^(55)”却是因“解”的“格式类推性”所推动的;(3)“解”和“□_(成)t^(h)a^(55)”,作为沅陵乡话与完成表达方式有关的两个词,与东南部古老汉语方言的完成表达方式存在很大程度的“语法相似性”。The article provides an in-depth independent description,longitudinal examination,and horizontal comparison of the usage,formation,and cross linguistic aspects of"ka^(21)"and"□_(成)t^(h)a^(55)"in Yuanling(沅陵)dialect:(1)"ka^(21)"and"□_(成)t^(h)a^(55)",due to their respective semantic retention of the original verb meanings,not only reflect their constraints on the syntactic components they are paired with when expressed,but also can be reflected through differences in pragmatic meanings in the same syntactic format;(2)"ka^(21)"and"□_(成)t^(h)a^(55)"have different levels of maturity in the process of grammaticalization as"perfect aspect particles"."ka^(21)"is more active than"□_(成)t^(h)a^(55)"Moreover,their grammaticalization motivation are also different:"ka^(21)"develops independently by itself,but"□_(成)t^(h)a^(55)"is promoted by"Formal analogy"of"ka^(21)";(3)"ka^(21)"and"□_(成)t^(h)a^(55)",as two words related to the completion expression of Yuanling(沅陵)dialect,have a significant degree of"grammatical similarity"with the completion expression of ancient Chinese dialects in the southeast.

关 键 词：沅陵乡话 完成 语义滞留 语法化 东南部方言 

分 类 号：H17[语言文字—汉语]