耦合相场与裂隙流方法的裂缝扩展—渗流一体化模拟  

The integrated simulation of fracture propagation and seepage studied by using a coupled phase field and fracture flow method

作　　者：王博 颜廷巍 李欢 周麟泰 盛少鹏 周福建 WANG Bo;YAN Tingwei;LI Huan;ZHOU Lintai;SHENG Shaopeng;ZHOU Fujian(College of Petroleum,China University of Petroleum at Karamay,Karamay 834000,China;College of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)克拉玛依校区石油学院,克拉玛依834000 [2]中国石油大学(北京)石油工程学院,北京102249

出　　处：《石油科学通报》2025年第2期192-205,共14页Petroleum Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“段内多簇压裂孔眼封堵控制机理研究”(编号:52374057);天山英才计划项目(编号:2023TSYCCX0004);自治区重点研发项目(编号:2024B01013-1)联合资助。

摘　　要：非常规油气作为我国油气资源中的重要接替能源,其高效开发对于保障国家能源安全具有重要意义。采用水平井分段多簇压裂技术,并优化压裂段内多簇压裂参数,对最大化非常规储层产能至关重要。明确裂缝扩展规律,量化裂缝形态与产能之间的关系,是水平井段内多簇压裂方案优化的关键。本文基于相场方法仿真段内多簇裂缝竞争扩展形态,通过集成的裂缝形态识别技术,进而构建二维等效裂缝模型,用以表征压裂渗流通道,并提取改造后等效物性参数,分别作为几何与物性输入参数传递至裂隙流模型,实现两种方法的自动耦合与传递,进而对不同压裂工况下的产能进行定量评估,最终实现裂缝扩展—渗流一体化模拟。通过室内物理模拟实验与现场压裂施工数据对比分析,验证了双重模型耦合的准确性与可行性。在此基础上,本文进一步研究了基于该方法的段内簇数和簇间距对裂缝形态及产能响应的影响规律。研究结果表明:当簇间距由15 m增加至25m时,裂缝发生偏转的位置后移,裂缝尖端的偏转角度由30°降低至24°,裂缝周围压力梯度降低,流体驱动力减弱,裂缝之间的流体干扰效应显著减小,这一变化导致日产峰值与稳产水平有所下降,日产油、累计产油量降幅分别为35.88%和35.89%;当段内簇数由3簇增加至5簇时,外侧裂缝尖端偏转角度由30°增加至34°,诱导应力场控制面积由36.74%增加至42.46%,裂缝周围压力梯度增强,流体驱动力增大,原油的动用程度得到显著提升,致使日产峰值与稳产水平相应提高,日产量、累计产油量增幅分别为40.49%和45.467%。因此,优化簇间距与簇数,可以兼顾控制裂缝干扰程度和提高单井产能,从而提高水平井段内多簇压裂改造效果。Unconventional oil and gas resources serve as vital replacement energy in China’s hydrocarbon portfolio,and their efficient development is of great significance for safeguarding national energy security.The implementation of staged multi-clus-ter hydraulic fracturing in horizontal wells,along with the optimization of intra-stage cluster design parameters,is critical to maximizing the production potential of unconventional reservoirs.Clarifying fracture propagation mechanisms and quantifying the relationship between fracture geometry and well productivity is key to optimize intra-stage multi-cluster fracturing strategies.In this study,a phase-field method is employed to simulate the competitive propagation morphology of multiple fractures within a fracturing stage.A fracture morphology identification technique is integrated to construct a two-dimensional equivalent fracture model,which can characterize the stimulated flow pathways.Equivalent physical parameters after stimulation are extracted and transferred-together with geometric descriptors-as input for a discrete fracture flow model.This enables automatic coupling and data transfer between the geometric and flow models,thereby facilitating quantitative evaluation of production performance under different fracturing scenarios and ultimately achieving fully coupled fracture propagation-fluid flow simulation.The accuracy and feasibility of the dual-model coupling method are verified through comparison with laboratory-scale physical simulation experiments and field fracturing data.On this basis,the effects of intra-stage cluster number and cluster spacing on fracture morphology and production response are further investigated.The results show that,as the cluster spacing increases from 15 m to 25 m,the fracture deflection point shifts farther from the wellbore,and the tip deflection angle decreases from 30°to 24°.Meanwhile,the pressure gradient around the fracture tip is reduced,weakening the fluid driving force and significantly diminishing inter-fracture flui

关 键 词：水力压裂 相场法 裂缝扩展 产能模拟 

分 类 号：TE348[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程] TE319