基于气候适应性的东疆干旱区绿洲民居节能低碳策略研究——以哈密市博斯坦村为例  

Energy Conservation and Low Carbon Strategies for Oasis Residential Buildingsin the Arid Areas of Eastern Xinjiang Based on Climate Adaptability:Taking Bostan Village in Hami City as an Example

作　　者：努日买买提·吐鲁逊 塞尔江·哈力克[1] NU-Ri-Mai-Mai-Ti·TULUXUN;Sai-Er-Jiang·HALIKE(College of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830017,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学建筑工程学院,乌鲁木齐830017

出　　处：《建筑节能(中英文)》2025年第4期9-19,共11页Building Energy Efficiency

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目“基于景观考古学视角下干旱区绿洲聚落遗产的历史演变与价值评估研究——以塔里木河流域为例”(52468004)。

摘　　要：建筑行业是我国能源消耗和碳排放的关键领域,促进建筑行业节能低碳对于达成碳达峰碳中和目标及干旱区绿洲的高质量发展具有重大意义;尤其是提升乡村民居绿色低碳化水平迫在眉睫。本研究以哈密博斯坦村为研究对象,对该村进行现场调研、文献收集、设计实践和通过Climate Consultant软件分析,总结该村传统民居气候适应性历史经验,挖掘其生态基因;结合气候适应性分析与民居设计实践,选取了影响建筑全年负荷与运行阶段碳排放量的5个因素进行正交试验模拟,通过极差分析得到了各因素对建筑全年负荷与运行阶段碳排放量影响的主次关系,以及建筑全年负荷与运行阶段碳排放量最小时的组合方案,从而提出了适用于干旱区绿洲民居的节能低碳策略,并量化评价了优化后民居室内风光热环境、节能及减碳效果,验证策略可行性。评价结果为:室内风光热环境均满足相关标准;建筑综合能耗与采暖空调能耗节能率对比基准建筑分别达到42.86%和43.96%,并满足了超低能耗居住建筑能效指标;建筑碳排放量满足了《零碳建筑技术标准》(征求意见稿)中低碳居住建筑碳排限值。据研究结果创新性地提出:干旱区绿洲民居应传承传统民居的环境适应性品质和生态基因,结合性能化设计及新技术手段,可达到民居节能低碳目标,有效降低民居能耗与碳排放,有助于推动干旱区城乡建设的绿色化发展,对干旱区民居绿色低碳化具有参考价值和借鉴意义。The construction industry is important for energy consumption and carbon emissions in China.Accelerating the promotion of energy conservation and low-carbon in the construction industry is of great significance for achieving the Dual-carbon Goals and high-quality development of oases in arid areas.Especially,it is urgent to improve the green and low-carbon level of rural residential buildings.This study takes Bostan Village in Hami as the research object,conducts on-site investigation,literature collection,design practice,and analyzes the village through Climate Consultant software,summarizes the historical experience of climate adaptability of traditional residential buildings in the village,and explores their ecological genes;Based on climate adaptability analysis and residential design practice,five factors affecting the annual load and carbon emissions during operation of buildings are selected for orthogonal experimental simulation.Through range analysis,the primary and secondary relationships between each factor’s effect on the annual load and carbon emissions during the operation phase of buildings are obtained,as well as the combination scheme for the minimum annual load and carbon emissions during the operation phase of buildings.Thus,energy-saving and low-carbon strategies suitable for oasis residential buildings in arid areas is proposed,and the optimized indoor wind,light,and thermal environment,energy-saving,and carbon reduction effects of the residential buildings are quantitatively evaluated to verify the feasibility of the strategies.The evaluation result is that the indoor wind,light,and thermal environment of the building meets the relevant standards.The building energy saving rate and energy saving rate of heating and air conditioning reaches 42.86%and 43.96%respectively compared to the reference building,and meets the energy efficiency indicators of ultra low energy residential buildings.The carbon emissions of buildings meet the carbon emission limits of low carbon residential buildings in

关 键 词：哈密博斯坦村 气候适应性 干旱区 民居 能耗模拟 碳排放模拟 正交试验 

分 类 号：TU119[建筑科学—建筑理论] TU241.5