法典编纂背景下生态环境损害惩罚性赔偿立法完善研究  

Re search on the legislative improvement of punitive damages for ecological and environmental damage under the background of code compilation

作　　者：刘宇宸 LIU Yuchen(Law school,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学法学院,天津300072

出　　处：《河北环境工程学院学报》2025年第2期32-38,共7页Journal of Hebei University of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(23&ZD163)。

摘　　要：生态环境损害惩罚性赔偿是与行政罚款和刑事罚金并存的责任形式,旨在惩戒威慑并补充救济生态环境损害,其适用具备充分的正当性。鉴于司法实践中能动肯认现状在解释论层面上面临诸多困境,对生态环境损害惩罚性赔偿进行立法完善存在迫切需求。在生态环境法典编纂稳步推进的背景下,涵摄惩罚性赔偿的生态环境损害责任存在借由生态环境法典进行体系化重构的必要,生态环境损害惩罚性赔偿采取法典化的立法完善路径更为适宜。以体系化与简洁化的二元目的论为指导,生态环境损害惩罚性赔偿的法典化应当采取“一般规定+限定条款”的条文结构,通过设立责任要件、金额计算、责任折抵等具体规则条款,构建完整周全的制度体系。Punitive damages for ecological and environmental damage are a form of liability that coexists with administrative fines and criminal fines, aimed at punishing, deterring and supplementing the relief of ecological and environmental damage. Its application has sufficient legitimacy.Given the current situation of active recognition in judicial practice, which faces many challenges at the interpretive theory level, there is an urgent need for the legislative improvement of punitive damages for ecological and environmental damage. Against the backdrop of steady progress in the compilation of the Ecology and Environment Code, it is necessary to systematically reconstruct the ecological and environmental damage liability, including punitive damages rules, through the Ecology and Environment Code. It is more appropriate to adopt a legislative improvement path of codification for punitive damages for ecological and environmental damage. Guided by the dual purpose theory of systematization and simplification, the codification of punitive damages for ecological and environmental damage should adopt the structure of " general provisions+restrictive clauses", and construct a complete and comprehensive institutional system through the establishment of specific rules and provisions such as liability requirements, amount calculation and liability deduction.

关 键 词：生态环境损害 惩罚性赔偿 法典化 环境法典编纂 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]