缓控释肥配合秸秆还田对水稻产量及氮利用率的影响  

Effects of slow and controlled release fertilizers combined with straw returning on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency

作　　者：赵俊滔 石艳平 曹梦娇 任佳佳 王晔青 陈轶平 王艺蓉 陈贵[3] ZHAO Juntao;SHI Yanping;CAO Mengjiao;REN Jiajia;WANG Yeqing;CHEN Yiping;WANG Yirong;CHEN Gui(Jiaxing Soil and Fertilizer Plant Protection and Rural Energy Station,Jiaxing 314050,Zhejiang;Jiaxing Agricultural and Fishery Technology Extension Station,Jiaxing 314050,Zhejiang;Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jiaxing 314016,Zhejiang)

机构地区：[1]嘉兴市土肥植保与农村能源站,浙江嘉兴314050 [2]嘉兴市农渔技术推广站,浙江嘉兴314050 [3]嘉兴市农业科学研究院,浙江嘉兴314016

出　　处：《浙江农业科学》2025年第3期590-594,共5页Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：嘉兴市2023—2024农业丰收计划《主要农作物绿色高效施肥技术模式集成与推广》。

摘　　要：通过田间试验,对比缓控释肥配合秸秆还田对水稻产量和氮肥利用效率的影响。结果表明,用缓控释肥和脲铵分别替代传统复合肥和尿素,同时进行秸秆还田,能提高水稻产量和干物质累积量。缓控释肥+脲铵+秸秆还田的施肥模式,对氮累积量和氮肥表观利用率有提升作用。在相对较合理的施氮条件下,继续减施氮肥会导致作物产量下降,且降低氮肥表观利用率。在实际生产中,可以推广使用基施缓控释肥、追施脲铵配合秸秆还田的施肥模式,但为提高氮肥利用率减少化肥损失,667 m^(2)化肥总氮投入应不低于12 kg,以12~15 kg为宜,实现晚稻丰产与资源的高效利用。Field experiments were conducted to compare the effects of slow and controlled release fertilizer combined with straw returning on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency.The results showed that the use of slow and controlled release fertilizer and urea-ammonium fertilizer to replace traditional compound fertilizer and urea,respectively,and straw returning to the field at the same time could improve rice yield and dry matter accumulation.The fertilization mode of slow and controlled release fertilizer+urea-ammonium fertilizer+straw returning had an effect on the improvement of nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen apparent efficiency.Under relatively reasonable nitrogen application conditions,the continued application of nitrogen fertilizer led to a decrease in crop yield and a decrease in the nitrogen apparent efficiency.In actual production,the fertilization mode of basic application of slow and controlled release fertilizer,top-application of urea-ammonium and straw returning can be promoted.However,in order to improve the nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency and reduce the loss of chemical fertilizer,the total nitrogen input of 667 m^(2) chemical fertilizer should not be less than 12 kg,and 12-15 kg should be appropriate,so as to achieve high yield and efficient utilization of resources in late rice.

关 键 词：水稻产量 缓控释肥 秸秆还田 氮肥表观利用率 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]