长江口白茆沙水域近年枯季潮汐及氯化物浓度变化特征  

Tidal and Chloride Concentration Variation Characteristics in the Baimaosha Waters of the Yangtze River Estuary in Recent Years

作　　者：刘水芹 季永兴 吴荣华 LIU Shuiqin;JI Yongxing;WU Ronghua(Shanghai General Hydrology Station,Shanghai 200232,China;Shanghai Water Engineering Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200232,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center on Coastal Zone,Shanghai 200232,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市水文总站,上海200232 [2]上海市水利工程设计研究院有限公司,上海200232 [3]上海滩涂海岸工程技术研究中心,上海200232

出　　处：《长江技术经济》2025年第2期1-8,21,共9页Technology and Economy of Changjiang

基　　金：上海市“科技创新行动计划”社会发展科技攻关项目(22DZ1202606,22DZ1202704,22DZ1209605)。

摘　　要：较小的枯季径流对长江口水域潮汐和氯化物浓度影响较大。为研究长江口北支进口江心洲淤涨和白茆沙整治后白茆沙水域潮汐和氯化物浓度变化情况,选取2013年12月和2023年3月大、中、小潮同步实测数据,分析了长江口北支和白茆沙南北水道潮汐和氯化物浓度变化过程。结果表明:在两次大通站流量均低于12000 m^(3)/s的情况下,长江口北支和白茆沙北水道涨落潮分流比均有所增加,长江口北支氯化物浓度明显高于南支,白茆沙北水道氯化物浓度的峰值和平均值均高于南水道。涨潮时盐淡水混合度大于落潮,长江口北支以部分混合型为主,白茆沙水域为高度混合型和垂直均匀混合型。为进一步判断新一轮长江口综合整治方案实施的影响,建议对该水域进行不同潮汐、径流和气象条件下的潮位、流量和氯化物浓度的长期监测与研究。Reduced dry season runoffsignificantly influences the tides and chloride concentration in the Yangtze River Estuary waters.To investigate the siltation of central island at the entrance of north branch of the Yangtze River Estuary and tide and chloride concentration variation after Baimaosha Regulation Project,this study selects synchronous measured data from large,medium,and small tides in December 2013 and March 2023 to analyse the tidal and chloride concentration changes in the north branch of the Yangtze River Estuary and the south and north waterways of Baimaosha.The results indicate that under the condition of flow rate less than 12000 m3/s at Datong gauging station in two tests,the tidal diversion ratio of the north branch of the Yangtze River Estuary and Baimaosha’s north waterway increased.Chloride concentration in the north branch significantly exceeding that in the south branch,and the peak and average chloride concentrations in Baimaosha’s north waterway were higher than those in the south waterway.The mixing degree of salt and fresh water was higher during high tide than during low tide.The north branch of the Yangtze River Estuary exhibited partial mixing pattern,whereas the Baimaosha waters demonstrated both highly mixed and vertically homogeneous mixed patterns.Long-term monitoring and research on the tide level,flow rate,and chloride concentration under different tidal,runoff,and meteorological conditions was recommended to evaluate the impact of the implementation of new round comprehensive regulation plan for the Yangtze River Estuary.

关 键 词：潮汐 氯化物 咸潮 白茆沙水域 长江口 

分 类 号：TV123[水利工程—水文学及水资源] P717[天文地球—海洋科学]