关于副词定性与定位的思考——以“X然”为例  

Thoughts on the Qualitative Determination and Syntactic Positioning of Adverb——Taking"X然"as an Example

作　　者：邵敬敏[1] SHAO Jing-min(Department of Chinese Language and Literature,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学中文系,广州510632

出　　处：《语言与翻译》2025年第1期5-10,共6页Language and Translation

摘　　要：本文以“X然”为例,探讨副词的定性与定位问题。由于语言事实复杂多变,我们不能仅仅根据理想的标准“只能做状语”来判定副词,必须采取柔性的处理方法:一是看其频率多少,即结合历史进程看该词做状语跟做其他成分的比例,二是看这两种功能数量的概率,三是看在做状语时的语义跟做其他成分时是否有所变化,四是看我们研究副词是纯研究还是应用性的,从而分别处理为副词、副形兼类、形容词三类。This article takes"X然"as an example to explore the issues of the qualitative determination and syntactic positioning of adverbs.Due to the complexity and variability of language facts,we cannot determine adverbs merely on the ideal criterion that"they can only function as adverbials".Instead,we must adopt a flexible approach.Firstly,consider the frequency,that is,examine the proportion of the word functioning as an adverbial and as other sentence components in combination with the historical process.Secondly,examine the probability of the quantities of these two functions.Thirdly,check whether the semantic meaning of the word changes when it functions as an adverbial compared to when it functions as other components.Fourthly,consider whether our research on adverbs is pure academic research or applied research.Accordingly,the word can be classified into three categories:adverb,a word concurrently functioning as an adverb and an adjective,and adjective.

关 键 词：副词定性与定位 柔性处理 频率与概率 X然 

分 类 号：H04[语言文字—语言学]