2021—2023年安徽省60岁及以上老年人流感疫苗接种情况分析  

The status of influenza vaccination among people aged 60 years and above in Anhui Province from 2021 to 2023

作　　者：毛雷婧 罗献伟[1] 林玲 任明雪 董燕 王斌冰[1] MAO Leijing;LUO Xianwei;LIN Ling;REN Mingxue;DONG Yan;WANG Binbing(Department of Expanded Program on Immunization,Anhui Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hefei 320601,Anhui Province,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省疾病预防控制中心免疫预防科,合肥320601

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2025年第4期515-520,共6页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：2021年度安徽省卫生健康委科研项目(项目编号:AHWJ2021b021)。

摘　　要：目的了解2021—2023年安徽省60岁及以上老年人流感疫苗接种现况。方法收集2021—2023年安徽省所有60岁及以上老年人流感疫苗的接种信息,分析老年人流感疫苗的接种特征、接种率和变化趋势。分类变量的组间比较采用Pearsonχ^(2)检验,接种率的时间变化趋势分析采用Cochran Armitage趋势检验,检验水准α=0.05。结果2021—2023年安徽省60岁及以上老年人共接种流感疫苗498651剂次。2021年、2022年和2023年安徽省60岁及以上老年人流感疫苗的接种率分别为0.99%、1.34%和1.84%,年均增长率为36.26%(Z_(趋势)=31497.065,P<0.001)。男性、女性老年人流感疫苗接种率年均增长率为34.70%、37.43%;60~69岁、70~79岁和80岁及以上老年人流感疫苗接种率年均增长率为37.43%、34.66%和37.36%;城市和农村老年人流感疫苗接种率年均增长率为40.24%和33.25%。2023年安徽省老年人流感疫苗接种率在不同性别、年龄、地区中均有差异(P均<0.001)。女性接种率高于男性(χ^(2)=2550.957,P<0.001);各年龄组间覆盖率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=3764.700,P<0.001),60~69岁老年人接种率最低;城市老年人接种率高于农村老年人(χ^(2)=6641.245,P<0.001)。结论安徽省60岁及以上老年人流感疫苗接种量逐年上升,但总体接种率较低,接种时间较晚。应采取多种策略推动安徽省老年人流感疫苗接种,提高接种率。Objective To analyze the status of influenza vaccination among≥60-year-old people in Anhui Province from 2021 to 2023.Methods Influenza vaccination data of all≥60-year-old people from 2021 to 2023 in Anhui Province were collected to analyze the characteristics,the vaccination rate and its changing trends of influenza vaccine.Parsonχ^(2)test was used to compare categorical variables between groups.Cochran Armitage trend test was used to analyze the time change trend of vaccination rate.The test level wasα=0.05.Results From 2021 to 2023,a total of 498651 doses of influenza vaccine were administered to≥60-year-old people in Anhui Province.Among≥60-year-old people,the influenza vaccine coverage rates were 0.99%,1.34%and 1.84%,respectively(Z_(trend)=31497.065,P<0.001),with an average annual growth of 36.26%from 2021 to 2023.The average annual growths of influenza vaccine coverage rate were 34.70%for males and 37.43%for females,respectively.For 60-69,70-79,and≥80-year-old people,the growths were 37.43%,34.66%and37.36%,respectively.For the elderly living in urban areas and rural areas,the growths were40.24%and 33.25%,respectively.The influenza vaccine coverage rate among the elderly in Anhui Province in 2023 varied by gender,age and region(P<0.001).The coverage rate of influenza vaccine was higher in females than that in males.There were statistically significant differences in the coverage rate among different age groups.The vaccination rate of those aged 60-69 years was the lowest.The coverage rate in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas in the elderly.Conclusions From 2021 to 2023,the doses of influenza vaccine among≥60-year-old people in Anhui Province increased year by year.However,the overall coverage rate of influenza vaccine was low and the vaccination time was late.Various strategies should be adopted to promote influenza vaccination among the elderly in Anhui Province to increase the vaccination coverage rate.

关 键 词：流感疫苗 接种率 老年人 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]