2023年无锡市60岁及以上老年人流感样症状发生情况及流感疫苗接种意愿调查  

Investigation on the incidence of influenza-like symptoms and the willingness of influenza vaccination among the elderly aged 60 and above in Wuxi City in 2023

作　　者：沈瑜 孟晓军[2] 王成春 李修竹 张猛 周天一 周家宝 蒋婕 沈元[2] 朱嘉文[2] SHEN Yu;MENG Xiaojun;WANG Chengchun;LI Xiuzhu;ZHANG Meng;ZHOU Tianyi;ZHOU Jiabao;JIANG Jie;SHEN Yuan;ZHU Jiawen(Huishan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuxi 214174,Jiangsu Province,China;The Affiliated Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Nanjing Medical University,Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuxi 214023,Jiangsu Province,China;Binhu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuxi 214062,Jiangsu Province,China;Yixing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yixing 214206,Jiangsu Province,China;Xinjie Street Community Health Service Center,Yixing 214204,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]无锡市惠山区疾病预防控制中心,江苏无锡214174 [2]无锡市疾病预防控制中心(南京医科大学附属无锡疾病预防控制中心),江苏无锡214023 [3]无锡市滨湖区疾病预防控制中心,江苏无锡214062 [4]宜兴市疾病预防控制中心,江苏宜兴214206 [5]宜兴市新街街道社区卫生服务中心,江苏宜兴214204

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2025年第4期536-544,556,共10页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

基　　金：无锡市流行病学发展学科建设项目(项目编号:FZXK2021010)。

摘　　要：目的了解在2023年2月以来流感季节性流行的背景下,无锡市60岁及以上老年人流感样症状发生情况及流感疫苗接种意愿,并分析相关因素,为制定老年人流感防控政策提供建议。方法2023年5月通过方便抽样选取无锡市60岁及以上老年人进行面对面问卷调查,收集老年人人口学信息、慢性病患病情况、过去3个月流感样症状、既往流感疫苗接种情况以及未来流感疫苗接种意愿等内容。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析老年人流感样症状及流感疫苗接种意愿的相关因素,以P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义。结果调查研究对象1904人,其中过去3个月的流感样症状发生率为26.1%(469/1904),43.2%(822/1904)的人未来愿意接种流感疫苗。多因素分析发现,在无锡居住时间>6个月(aOR=1.79,95%CI:1.21~2.64)、已婚(aOR=6.67,95%CI:1.51~29.54)和离异/丧偶(aOR=1.44,95%CI:1.04~2.01)、有慢性肺部疾病(aOR=1.58,95%CI:1.05~2.39)是流感样症状发生的风险因素。回家不经常洗手(aOR=0.69,95%CI:0.54~0.88)、近3个月无流感样症状(aOR=0.70,95%CI:0.55~0.90)、有高血压(aOR=0.67,95%CI:0.54~0.83)、2022年未接种流感疫苗(aOR=0.68,95%CI:0.55~0.85)、2023年未接种流感疫苗(aOR=0.69,95%CI:0.56~0.85)、不担心感染流感(aOR=0.52,95%CI:0.38~0.71)的调查对象更倾向于不愿意接种流感疫苗。结论在流感季节性流行背景下,无锡市60岁及以上老年人中流感样症状发生率较高,但该人群接种流感疫苗的意愿较低,应采取有效措施提高老年人流感疫苗接种意愿。Objective To understand the incidence of influenza-like symptoms and the intention of influenza vaccination among the elderly over 60 years old in Wuxi City in the context of the seasonal influenza pandemic since February,2023,to analyze related factors,and to provide recommendations for formulating influenza prevention and control strategies among the elderly.Methods In May,2023,elderly people over 60 years old in Wuxi City were recruited to complete a face-to-face questionnaire by convenient sampling method.Demographic characteristics,chronic disease diagnosis,influenza-like symptoms in the last 3 months,past influenza vaccination and influenza vaccination intention of the elderly were collected.Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were used to explore associated factors of influenza-like symptoms and influenza vaccination intention.And P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results A total of 1904 people were recruited,among whom the incidence of influenza-like symptoms in the past 3 months was 26.1%(469/1904),and 43.2%(822/1904)were willing to receive influenza vaccine in the future.Multivariate analysis showed that local resident time in Wuxi City>6 months(adjusted odds ratio aOR=1.79,95%confidence interval CI:1.21-2.64,married aOR=6.67,95%CI:1.51-29.54)and divorced/widowed(aOR=1.44,95%CI:1.04-2.01),and having chronic pulmonary diseases(aOR=1.58,95%CI:1.05-2.39)were risk factors associated with influenza-like symptoms.Participants who washed hand rarely at home(aOR=0.69,95%CI:0.54-0.88),had no influenza-like symptoms in the past 3 months(aOR=0.70,95%CI:0.55-0.90),had hypertension(aOR=0.67,95%CI:0.54-0.83),unvaccinated with influenza vaccine in 2022(aOR=0.68,95%CI:0.55-0.85)and in 2023(aOR=0.69,95%CI:0.56-0.85)and were not worried about influenza infection(aOR=0.52,95%CI:0.38-0.71)were more likely to be reluctant to receive influenza vaccine.Conclusions Under the background of seasonal influenza epidemic,the incidence of influenza-like symptoms among the elderly aged 60 years and abo

关 键 词：老年人 流感样病例 流感疫苗 接种意愿 相关因素 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]