2023年沧州市6~17岁中小学生营养不良状况分析  

Analysis of malnutrition in primary and middle school students aged 6-17 years in Cangzhou City in 2023

作　　者：戴其彬 尹淑茹 卢伟 赵晓娜 冯晶晶[1] 龚子钰 DAI Qibin;YIN Shuru;LU Wei;ZHAO Xiaona;FENG Jingjing;GONG Ziyu(Cangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Cangzhou 006100,Hebei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]沧州市疾病预防控制中心,河北沧州061000

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2025年第4期545-551,共7页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的了解现阶段沧州市中小学生的营养不良状况,为科学评价沧州市中小学生生长发育水平提供依据。方法2023年9至10月份采用分层随机整群抽样方法,对沧州市中小学生进行体格检查,使用SPSS 22.0统计软件分析数据。采用χ^(2)检验分析组间沧州市中小学生营养不良状况的差异。检验水准为α为0.05。在总体差异有统计学意义的前提下,学段间率的两两比较采用χ^(2)分割,检验水准为α′=0.017。结果2023年沧州市6~17岁中小学生营养不良率为6.86%,其中,生长迟缓率为0.20%,轻度消瘦率为3.29%,中重度消瘦率为3.37%。营养不良、轻度消瘦的总体水平男生高于女生(P均<0.05)。营养不良、轻度消瘦、中重度消瘦均表现为郊县高于城区(P均<0.05)。生长迟缓无地区差异(P>0.05)。营养不良率小学生最高,为7.54%,生长迟缓率高中生最高,为0.31%,各类营养不良状况总体水平均存在学段差异(P均<0.05)。结论沧州市中小学生营养不良总体处于较低水平,生长迟缓处于较低水平,但消瘦状况不容乐观,应予以重点关注及干预。Objective To understand the current malnutrition status of primary and secondary school students in Cangzhou City,and to provide basis for scientific evaluation of the growth and development level of primary and secondary school students in Cangzhou City.Methods From September to October 2023,stratified random cluster sampling method was adopted to conduct physical examination of primary and secondary school students in Cangzhou City,and SPSS 22.0statistical software was used to analyze the data.χ^(2)test was used to analyze the malnutrition of primary and secondary school students in Cangzhou City.The test level wasα=0.05.The pairwise comparison of rates among different periods of study was performed byχ^(2)segmentation,and the test level wasα=0.017.Results The malnutrition rate of 6-17 year-old primary and middle school students in Cangzhou City was 6.86%,among which,the growth retardation rate was 0.20%,the mild emaciation rate was 3.29%,and the moderate and severe emaciation rate was 3.37%.The overall level of malnutrition and mild wasting in boys was higher than that in girls(all P<0.05).Malnutrition,mild wasting and moderate and severe wasting were higher in suburban counties than in urban areas(all P<0.05).There was no regional difference in growth retardation(P>0.05).The malnutrition rate was the highest in primary schools(7.54%),and the growth retardation rate was the highest in high schools(0.31%).There were differences in the overall levels of all kinds of malnutrition among periods of study(all P<0.05).Conclusions The malnutrition and growth retardation of primary and secondary school students in Cangzhou City were generally at a low level,but the wasting situation was not optimistic,which should be paid attention to and intervened.

关 键 词：中小学生 营养不良 生长迟缓 消瘦 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]