超细干粉灭火剂的制备工艺及灭火效能  

Preparation Process and Fire Extinguishing Efficiency of Ultrafine Dry Powder Fire Extinguishing Agent

作　　者：李铭凤 邢志祥[1] 刘烨铖 LI Mingfeng;XING Zhixiang;LIU Yecheng(School of Safety Science and Engineering,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]常州大学安全科学与工程学院,江苏常州213164

出　　处：《实验室研究与探索》2025年第4期17-22,共6页Research and Exploration In Laboratory

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3001203,2022YFB4002803);2023年江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(KYCX23_3165);中国石油-常州大学创新联合体项目(2021DQ06)。

摘　　要：为了探究球磨机工作过程中装料量、球磨机转速、球磨时间、球磨介质配比等工作参数对物料粉碎效果的影响,采用球磨法制备干粉灭火剂主要成分磷酸二氢铵,选定实验室环境下最优制备参数使球磨机达到最佳粉碎效果。通过对比不同类型溶剂对粉体性能的影响,选择合适溶剂对所得粉体进行表面改性,制得平均粒径17.20μm、比表面积2.1m^(2)/g的超细干粉。采用激光粒度仪、扫描电镜、热重分析仪对超细干粉进行表征,并在小型灭火实验平台上对灭火性能进行测试。实验和理论研究结果均表明,制得的超细干粉灭火剂能快速、有效地扑灭火灾,具有更快的降温速率。In order to investigate the influence of working parameters such as loading amount,ball mill speed,ball milling time,and ball milling medium ratio on the material crushing effect during the operation of the ball mill,the main component of the dry powder fire extinguishing agent,ammonium dihydrogen phosphate,was prepared by ball milling method.The optimal preparation parameters were selected in the laboratory environment to achieve the best crushing effect of the ball mill.By comparing the effects of different types of solvents on the properties of the powder,suitable solvents were selected for surface modification of the obtained powder.The best result is that the average particle size of ultrafine dry powder is 1720μm and the specific surface area is 2.1 m^(2)/g.Ultrafine dry powder is characterized by using laser particle size analysis,scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analyzer,and fire extinguishing performance is tested on a smallscale fire extinguishing experimental platform.Both experimental and theoretical research results indicate that the prepared ultrafine dry powder can quickly and effectively extinguish fires,and the cooling rate is fast.

关 键 词：球磨法 磷酸二氢铵 超细干粉灭火剂 灭火效能 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学]