节点中断下的建筑供应链网络抗毁性分析  

Invulnerability Analysis of Construction Supply ChainNetworks under Nodal Disruption

作　　者：王红春[1] 周子祥 WANG Hong-chun;ZHOU Zi-xiang(School of Urban Economics and Management,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学城市经济与管理学院,北京100044

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2025年第11期4411-4418,共8页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61772062);国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3305600)。

摘　　要：为有效解决建筑行业内外部环境不确定性与建筑供应链复杂性、脆弱性之间的矛盾,促进建筑供应链网络整体安全稳定,防范化解节点企业中断风险,基于复杂网络理论和级联失效模型提出一种建筑供应链网络抗毁性分析方法。首先从业务、资源、信息流通角度,利用TOPSIS(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution)方法根据多个复杂网络中心性指标对节点企业进行重要度评估,其次结合建筑供应链运营特点,建立改进的负载-容量-弹性级联失效模型,在蓄意攻击下从网络损失角度衡量企业中断的影响,从节点容量、负载、弹性角度分析探讨网络抗毁性的提升策略。经过数值仿真与分析,研究表明:(1)建筑供应链网络上游节点企业遭受中断风险冲击时,供应链网络能够表现出较强的网络抗毁性,但应着重关注下游供应商企业,避免网络整体因建筑材料或基础服务供应短缺遭受更多损失;(2)采取节点企业间较小的业务容量差异、较大的业务负载差异、适量且高水平的风险补救成本投入等策略能够有效降低节点企业中断时供应链网络的损失,从而提升网络抗毁性水平;(3)在多类策略中,节点容量策略对抗毁性的提升效果依次优于节点弹性策略和节点负载策略。研究结果可为提升建筑供应链安全水平和提出中断风险管理策略提供科学参考。To effectively address the contradiction between the uncertainty of the internal and external environment in the construction industry and the complexity and vulnerability of the construction supply chain,as well as to promote the overall security and stability of the construction supply chain network,and to prevent and mitigate the risk of disruption among node enterprises,a construction supply chain network invulnerability analysis method was proposed based on the complex network theory and cascade failure model.Firstly,from the perspectives of business,resources and information flow,the TOPSIS(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution)method was used to assess the importance of node enterprises based on multiple complex network centrality indicators.Secondly,combined with the operational characteristics of the construction supply chain,an improved load-capacity-elasticity cascade failure model was established to measure the impact of enterprise disruption from the perspective of network loss under intentional attack,and to analyze and explore the network invulnerability improvement strategy from the perspectives of node capacity,load,and resilience.After numerical simulation and analysis,the results show these as follows.When the upstream node enterprises of the construction supply chain network suffer from the impact of disruption risk,the supply chain network can show strong network invulnerability,but it should focus on the downstream supplier enterprises,so as to avoid the network as a whole suffering from more losses due to the shortage of the supply of construction materials or basic services.To keep the small difference in the business capacity among node enterprises,the large difference in the business load and an appropriate high level of risk remediation cost investment can effectively reduce the loss of the supply chain network when the node enterprises are interrupted,thus improving the level of network invulnerability.Among the multiple types of strategies,the node capacity

关 键 词：建筑供应链 网络抗毁性 风险管理 级联失效 

分 类 号：N949.1[自然科学总论—系统科学]