基于MIMIC模型的生成式人工智能公众风险感知  

Public Risk Perception of Generative Artificial IntelligenceBased on the MIMIC Model

作　　者：陈淑 庄越[1] 钱杨杨 CHEN Shu;ZHUANG Yue;QIAN Yang-yang(School of Safety Science and Emergency Management,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学安全科学与应急管理学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2025年第11期4817-4826,共10页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(20BGL252)。

摘　　要：新一代人工智能技术的爆发式火热,将对风险社会中感知主体的风险体验产生深刻影响。运用因子分析和多指标多因素(multiple indicators and multiple causes, MIMIC)模型对生成式人工智能的12个风险场景进行研究,探究了反映公众风险感知程度的4个指标和影响公众风险感知的5个维度。结果显示,公众对生成式人工智能的风险感知程度可以由安全、技术、使用者和企业监管期望来反映;公众的风险感知受到其对技术、宏观、权益、主体和应用风险的主观评价的影响,其中,权益风险和宏观风险的影响最为显著。结果表明,公众对生成式人工智能具有“以我为主”和“未雨绸缪”的风险感知特点。在此基础上,进一步从历史与文化视角、风险沟通视角和科技治理视角对公众的生成式人工智能风险感知进行分析,并提出了相应的对策建议。The explosive popularity of the new generation of artificial intelligence technologies will profoundly impact the risk experience of perceptual subjects within risk societies.Factor analysis and multiple indicators and multiple causes(MIMIC)model were used to study 12 risk scenarios of generative AI,besides four indicators reflecting the public's risk perception and five dimensions affecting the public's risk perception were explored.The results show that the public's perception of the risks of generative AI can be reflected by expectations of safety,technology,user and corporate regulatory.The public's risk perception is affected by its subjective evaluation of technology risks,macro risks,equity risks,subject risks and application risks,among which both equity risks and macro risks have the most significant impact.It shows that the public's risk perception of generative artificial intelligence is mainly characterized by“self-oriented”and“precautionary”.On this basis,the public's risk perception of generative artificial intelligence from the perspectives of history and culture,risk communication and technology governance was analyzed further,and corresponding countermeasures was put forward.

关 键 词：多指标多因素模型(MIMIC model) 生成式人工智能 公众 风险感知 

分 类 号：X915.2[环境科学与工程—安全科学]