隧道不同爆破进尺与注浆对采空区围岩损伤研究  

Study on the Impact of Different Blasting Advance Lengths and Grouting on Surrounding Rock Damage in Mined-Out Areas of Tunnels

作　　者：易泽荣 YI Zerong(China Railway 24th Bureau Group Southwest Construction Co.Ltd.,Chengdu Sichuan 610000,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁二十四局集团西南建设有限公司,四川成都610000

出　　处：《铁道建筑技术》2025年第4期93-95,121,共4页Railway Construction Technology

基　　金：中铁二十四局集团有限公司科技研发项目(科研2023-13)。

摘　　要：以北中梁山隧道为研究对象,针对隧道爆破施工中上部存在的房柱式采空区,开展不同开挖进尺与注浆厚度条件下的数值模拟研究。结果表明:相较于3 m爆破进尺,1.5 m爆破进尺能显著减小爆破对采空区下方围岩和煤柱的损伤,同时因爆破产生的裂隙可提高围岩对应力波的吸收能力,更适合于多次爆破施工,有助于施工稳定性和安全性;此外,围岩注浆厚度对煤柱的损伤程度表现出先增大后减小的趋势,其中4 m注浆厚度能够显著降低煤柱损伤,并增强隧道与采空区围岩的整体稳定性。本研究可为类似地质条件下隧道爆破施工提供理论参考和借鉴,对提高采空区施工安全具有一定工程意义。This study focused on the Beizhongliang Mountain Tunnel,addressing the challenges posed by room-and-pillar mined-out areas located above the tunnel during blasting excavation.Numerical simulations were conducted under varying excavation advance lengths and grouting thicknesses.The results indicate that,compared to a 3 m advance length,a 1.5 m advance length significantly reduces the damage to the surrounding rock and coal pillars beneath the mined-out area.This is attributed to the fractures generated by blasting,which enhance the surrounding rock′s ability to absorb stress waves,making 1.5 m advance length more suitable for multiple blasting cycles,thereby improving construction stability and safety.Furthermore,the effect of grouting thickness on coal pillar damage exhibits a trend of initial increase followed by a decrease.Specifically,a grouting thickness of 4 m effectively minimizes coal pillar damage and enhances the overall stability of the tunnel and surrounding rock in the mined-out area.This research provides theoretical guidance and practical insights for tunnel blasting operations in similar geological conditions and holds significant engineering implications for improving construction safety in mined-out areas.

关 键 词：循环爆破 房柱式采空区 爆破进尺 注浆厚度 围岩损伤 数值分析 

分 类 号：U455.6[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]