生物基聚碳酸酯的合成与应用研究进展  

Recent Progress on the Synthesis and Applications of Bio-based Polycarbonates

作　　者：陈圣新 刘博 李英崴 陈平 黄朝晖 Chen Shengxin;Liu Bo;Li Yingwei;Chen Ping;Huang Zhaohui(School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Sinopec Ningbo New Materials Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo 315200,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学化学工程与技术学院,精馏技术国家工程研究中心,天津300072 [2]中石化宁波新材料研究院有限公司,宁波315200

出　　处：《塑料包装》2025年第2期7-16,共10页Plastics Packaging

摘　　要：本文综述了生物基聚碳酸酯(以异山梨醇为单体)的合成方法、催化剂体系、性能影响因素及工业化进展。传统双酚A型聚碳酸酯(BPA-PC)因毒性问题受限,而异山梨醇(IS)作为生物基单体合成的聚碳酸酯(PIC)具有高透光性、耐热性和环保优势。合成方法中,熔融酯交换法因绿色高效成为主流工艺;催化剂体系涵盖碱金属、有机分子、离子液体及复配型,其中离子液体表现出高活性和低残留特性。原料纯度、催化剂选择及工艺条件显著影响PIC的分子量、黄变、力学与光学性能。目前,国外已实现PIC商业化(如三菱“DURABIO”系列),国内中科院、中石化等机构在催化剂开发与工艺优化上取得突破,但规模化生产仍面临成本和技术挑战。未来需进一步开发高效廉价催化剂并优化工艺,推动生物基聚碳酸酯在包装、光学材料等领域的应用。This paper reviews the synthesis methods,catalyst systems,performance influencing factors,and industrialization progress of bio-based polycarbonates using isosorbide as a monomer.Traditional bisphenol A-based polycarbonate(BPA-PC)is restricted due to toxicity issues,while polycarbonate synthesized from the bio-based monomer isosorbide(PIC)offers advantages such as high transparency,heat resistance,and environmental friendliness.Among the synthesis methods,melt transesterification has become the mainstream process due to its green and efficient characteristics.Catalyst systems include alkali metals,organic molecules,ionic liquids,and composite types,with ionic liquids demonstrating high activity and low residue properties.Raw material purity,catalyst selection,and process conditions significantly affect PIC’s molecular weight,yellowing,mechanical,and optical properties.Currently,foreign companies have commercialized PIC(e.g.,Mitsubishi's"DURABIO"series),and Chinese institutions such as the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Sinopec have made breakthroughs in catalyst development and process optimization.However,large-scale production still faces challenges in cost and technology.Future efforts should focus on developing efficient and low-cost catalysts and optimizing processes to promote the application of bio-based polycarbonates in packaging,optical materials,and other fields.

关 键 词：生物基聚碳酸酯 异山梨醇 熔融酯交换法 离子液体 绿色材料 

分 类 号：TQ323.4[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]