猪肠道真菌的组成及其潜在的健康和营养学意义  

Composition of Intestinal Fungi in Swine and Its Potential Health and Nutritional Significance

作　　者：黄双梅 罗玉衡[1] HUANG Shuangmei;LUO Yuheng(Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education,Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Engineering in Sichuan Province,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance of Ministry of Education and Sichuan Province,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feed of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Animal Nutrition Institute,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物营养研究所,农业农村部动物抗病营养与饲料重点实验室,动物抗病营养教育部、四川省重点实验室,动物营养与饲料工程四川省高校重点实验室,动物抗病营养生物技术教育部工程研究中心,成都611130

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第4期2134-2141,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32072743);国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1301400)。

摘　　要：猪等单胃动物肠道微生物由细菌、真菌、古菌和病毒等组成,其中真菌占比不足0.1%,在过去研究中常被忽略。然而,近年研究表明,肠道真菌与宿主肠道屏障功能维持、肠道免疫反应和后肠微生物发酵密切相关;且单个真菌细胞体积约为单个细菌的100倍,可编码大量功能酶,在一定程度上影响宿主营养物质代谢和机体健康。因此,真菌是单胃动物肠道微生物组不可忽视的一类重要成员。然而迄今为止,猪等单胃动物肠道真菌的相关研究仍然匮乏,限制了对肠道微生物组整体功能的理解。本文围绕猪肠道真菌的组成、影响因素及其对宿主健康和养分消化吸收的影响进行了全面综述,以期为进一步解析猪肠道真菌的生物学功能提供思路。The gut microbes of monogastric animals such as pigs are composed of bacteria,fungi,archaea and viruses,and the proportion of fungi in gut microbes is less than 1%,which has been overlooked in previous studies.However,recent studies have shown that intestinal fungi are closely related to the maintenance of host intestinal barrier function,intestinal immune response,and post-intestinal microbial fermentation.Moreover,the volume of a single fungal cell is about 100 times that of a single bacterial cell,and can encode a large number of functional enzymes,which can affect host nutrient metabolism and body health to a certain extent.Therefore,fungi are an important member of gut microbiome of monogastric animals that cannot be ignored.Yet,to date,there is still a lack of research on intestinal fungi in monogastric animals such as pigs,which limits our understanding of the overall function of the gut microbiome.In this paper,the composition,influencing factors,and effects of intestinal fungi in swine gut on host health and nutrient digestion and absorption were comprehensively reviewed,providing ideas for further understanding its biological functions.

关 键 词：猪 肠道真菌 组成 功能 

分 类 号：S852.6[农业科学—基础兽医学]