氨气暴露对白羽肉鸡肠道组织形态、氧化应激和免疫应答的影响  

Effects of Ammonia Exposure on Intestinal Morphology,Oxidative Stress and Immune Response of White-Feathered Broilers

作　　者：石志芳 韦瑞婷 乔方铭 徐子珂 刘健 张春霞 郭良兴 王晓彤 席磊 SHI Zhifang;WEI Ruiting;QIAO Fangming;XU Zike;LIU Jian;ZHANG Chunxia;GUO Liangxing;WANG Xiaotong;XI Lei(College of Animal Science and Technology,Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economics,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Livestock and Poultry Healthy Breeding and Intelligent Equipment,Zhengzhou 450046,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]河南牧业经济学院动物科技学院,郑州450046 [2]河南省畜禽健康养殖与智能装备工程技术研究中心,郑州450046 [3]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,扬州225009

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第4期2309-2320,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(32302807);国家重点研发计划子课题(2023YFD1300804-2);河南省高校青年骨干教师项目(2023GGJS175)。

摘　　要：为了探究实际生产中氨气持续暴露对白羽肉鸡肠道炎症因子和氧化应激指标的影响,本试验选用1日龄爱拔益加(AA)白羽肉鸡120羽,随机分为对照组、低浓度组和高浓度组,每组4个重复,每个重复10羽鸡,在无特定病原体(SPF)隔离舱中持续进行氨气暴露处理。1~7日龄为预试验,各组氨气浓度均保持在<5 mg/m^(3);8~42日龄对照组氨气浓度仍保持在<5 mg/m^(3),8~28日龄和29~42日龄低浓度组氨气浓度分别控制在(15±2)mg/m^(3)和(30±2)mg/m^(3),高浓度组则分别控制在(30±2)mg/m^(3)和(60±2)mg/m^(3)。在28和42日龄时每个重复随机取2羽鸡进行宰杀,在回肠和盲肠组织中段各采集2份样品,一份用于组织形态观察,另一份用于抗氧化指标以及炎症因子和免疫球蛋白含量测定。结果显示:1)与对照组相比,高浓度氨气暴露显著降低了白羽肉鸡8~28日龄和29~42日龄的平均日增重(P<0.05),并显著增加了8~28日龄的料重比(P<0.05)。2)低浓度组和高浓度组42日龄回肠绒隐比以及低浓度组28日龄盲肠绒隐比相较于对照组均显著下降(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,低浓度氨气暴露引起28日龄时回肠与盲肠杯状细胞数量显著升高(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,氨气暴露引起42日龄时回肠与盲肠谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著下降(P<0.05),42日龄时盲肠丙二醛(MDA)含量显著升高(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,氨气暴露导致28和42日龄时回肠和盲肠肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)含量显著升高(P<0.05),42日龄时盲肠免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量显著降低(P<0.05)。上述结果表明,白羽肉鸡生产中持续的氨气暴露会导致肠道炎症发生、免疫力下降以及抗氧化能力降低,合理的鸡舍空气环境控制对于保持肉鸡肠道健康和生长性能具有重要意义。The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of continuous ammonia exposure on intestinal inflammatory factors and oxidative stress indicators of white-feathered broilers.One hundred and twenty 1-day-old Arbor Arbor(AA)white-feathered broilers were randomly divided into control group,low concentration group and high concentration group,with 4 replicates in each group and 10 chickens in each replicate,and continuous ammonia exposure treatment in specific pathogen free(SPF)isolation chamber.The ammonia concentration in each group during the pre-test period(1 to 7 days of age)was kept at<5 mg/m^(3);the ammonia concentration in the control group from 8 to 42 days of age was still kept at<5 mg/m^(3);the ammonia concentration in the low concentration group from 8 to 28 days of age and from 29 to 42 days of age was controlled at(15±2)mg/m^(3)and(30±2)mg/m^(3),while the high concentration group was controlled at(30±2)mg/m^(3)and(60±2)mg/m^(3),respectively.At 28 and 42 days of age,two chickens were randomly selected for slaughter in each replicate,and then two samples were collected from the middle section of ileum and cecum.One sample was used for histological observation,and the other was used for determination of antioxidant indexes,inflammatory factor and immunoglobulin contents.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,high concentration ammonia exposure significantly decreased the average daily gain of white-feathered broilers at 8 to 28 days of age and 29 to 42 days of age(P<0.05),and significantly increased the ratio of feed to gain at 8 to 28 days of age(P<0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the ileum villus height and crypt depth ratio at 42 days of age in low concentration group and high concentration group and the cecum villus height and crypt depth ratio at 28 days of age in low concentration group were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the number of goblet cells in ileum and cecum at 28 days of age was significantly increased due to low concentr

关 键 词：氨气 白羽肉鸡 肠道组织形态 氧化应激 炎性因子 

分 类 号：S832[农业科学—畜牧学]