发酵精料对安格斯阉牛生长性能、血清生化指标和养分表观消化率的影响  

Effects of Fermented Concentrate on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical Indices and Nutrient Apparent Digestibility of Angus Steers

作　　者：任凌煜 崔晓婧 吴浩 孟庆翔 吴连方 周振明 REN Lingyu;CUI Xiaojing;WU Hao;MENG Qingxiang;WU Lianfang;ZHOU Zhenming(State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Beijing Doudian Hengsheng Animal Husbandry Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 102400,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,畜禽营养与饲养全国重点实验室,北京100193 [2]北京窦店恒升牧业科技股份有限公司,北京102400

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第4期2431-2440,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1301302)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究发酵精料对安格斯阉牛生长性能、血清生化指标和养分表观消化率的影响。选取体况良好、体重[(637.75±50.99)kg]相近的安格斯阉牛45头,随机分为3组,每组15头。对照组(CON组)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别用发酵精料替代基础饲粮中15%(F15组)和30%精料(F30组)。预试期14 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:1)与基础精料相比,发酵精料粗灰分(Ash)含量显著提高(P<0.05),中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量有降低趋势(P=0.06)。发酵精料酸性蛋白酶和纤维素酶活性较发酵前明显提高,淀粉酶活性无明显变化。2)第1~30天,与CON组和F15组相比,F30组阉牛平均日增重(ADG)显著提高(P<0.05),干物质采食量(DMI)有提高趋势(P=0.09),料重比(F/G)显著降低(P<0.05)。3)与CON组和F15组相比,F30组阉牛血清谷草转氨酶(AST)活性显著降低(P<0.05),血清尿素(UREA)含量有降低趋势(P=0.05)。4)与CON组和F15组相比,F30组阉牛粗蛋白质(CP)表观消化率有提高趋势(P=0.06)。综上所述,发酵精料按30%的比例替代基础精料能够在育肥前期改善安格斯阉牛生长性能,并有提高其蛋白质消化吸收的潜力。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of fermented concentrate on growth performance,serum biochemical indices and nutrient apparent digestibility of Angus steers.Forty-five healthy Angus steers with similar body weight of(637.75±50.99)kg were randomly divided into 3 groups with 15 steers in each group.Cattle in the control group(CON group)were fed a basal diet,and those in the experimental groups were fed 15%(F15 group)and 30%(F30 group)fermented concentrate instead of the concentrate in the basal diet,respectively.The pre-trial period lasted for 14 days,and the experimental period lasted for 60 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the basal concentrate,the crude ash(Ash)content in fermented concentrate was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the neutral detergent fiber(NDF)content had a tendency to be decreased(P=0.06).The activities of acid protease and cellulase in fermented concentrate were significantly higher than those before fermentation,but the amylase activity had no significant change.2)From days 1 to 30,compared with CON group and F15 group,the average daily gain(ADG)of steers in F30 group was significantly increased(P<0.05),the dry matter intake(DMI)showed an increasing trend(P=0.09),and the ratio of feed to gain(F/G)was significantly decreased(P<0.05).3)Compared with CON group and F15 group,the serum aspartate transaminase(AST)activity of steers in F30 group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the serum urea content had a decreasing trend(P=0.05).4)Compared with CON group and F15 group,the crude protein(CP)apparent digestibility of steers in F30 group tended to be increased(P=0.06).In conclusion,the replacement of basal concentrate with fermented concentrate at 30%can improve the growth performance of Angus steers in the early fattening stage,and has the potential to improve their protein digestion and absorption.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2025,37(4):2431-2440]

关 键 词：发酵精料 肉牛 生长性能 血清生化指标 养分表观消化率 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]