饲料中添加丁酸梭菌对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼生长性能以及肠道抗氧化能力、菌群及代谢的影响  

Effects of Dietary Clostridium butyricum Addition on Growth Performance,Intestinal Antioxidant Capacity,Microbiota and Metabolism of Hybrid Grouper

作　　者：陈伟军 陈铭钒 李栋 宋涛 张海涛 叶继丹[1,2] CHEN Weijun;CHEN Mingfan;LI Dong;SONG Tao;ZHANG Haitao;YE Jidan(Fisheries College,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China;Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation,Xiamen 361021,China;Evergreen Intelligent Agriculture(Guangzhou)Development Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 511453,China)

机构地区：[1]集美大学水产学院,厦门361021 [2]厦门市饲料检测与安全评价重点实验室,厦门361021 [3]恒兴智慧农业发展(广州)有限公司,广州511453

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第4期2558-2575,共18页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32072990,31772861)。

摘　　要：为了研究饲料中添加丁酸梭菌对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼生长性能和肠道健康的影响,将225尾健康珍珠龙胆石斑鱼[平均体重(24.89±0.02)g/尾]随机分成3组,分别饲喂基础饲料(CON组)、基础饲料中分别添加2种不同来源的丁酸梭菌菌株(CB1组、CB2组)的试验饲料,饲料中丁酸梭菌浓度均为107 CFU/g。每组3个重复,每个重复25尾鱼。试验期为56 d。结果表明:与CON组相比,CB1、CB2组珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的生长性能没有显著改善(P>0.05),但显著提高了肠道谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性和总短链脂肪酸含量(P<0.05)。与CON组相比,CB2组肠道黏膜褶皱高度和肌层厚度显著提高(P<0.05),且肠道丙二醛的含量显著降低(P<0.05);与CON组相比,CB2组的优势菌门由变形菌门变为厚壁菌门,且厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门的相对丰度有所提高,变形菌门和放线菌门的相对丰度有所下降;CB2组的主要优势菌属由假单胞菌属变成乳杆菌属,且乳杆菌属的相对丰度明显增加;CB2组与CON组进行肠道代谢组学比对分析,共筛选到184个差异代谢物,其中,数量最多的差异代谢物是脂类代谢物,在这些脂类代谢物中以表达上调的鞘脂和磷脂居多。通过KEGG富集分析,共富集到5条代谢通路:淀粉和蔗糖代谢、半乳糖代谢、ABC转运蛋白、不饱和脂肪酸的生物合成、亚油酸代谢。综上所述,丁酸梭菌改善了肠道菌群结构,促进糖、脂代谢和提高糖、脂利用率,并调节了肠道渗透压,从而提高了肠道抗氧化能力,进而维持了肠道健康。To investigate the effects of adding Clostridium butyricum to the diet on the growth performance and intestinal health of hybrid grouper,225 healthy juveniles[average body weight(24.89±0.02)g/fish]were randomly divided into 3 groups and fed a basal diet(CON group),and the experimental diets with two different sources of Clostridium butyricum strains(CB1 group and CB2 group)added to the basal diet,respectively.The concentration of Clostridium butyricum in the diet was 107 CFU/g for all groups.Each group had 3 replicates,with 25 fish in each replicate.The experimental period was 56 days.The results showed that compared with CON group,the growth performance of hybrid grouper in CB1 and CB2 groups was not significantly improved(P>0.05),but the gut glutathione peroxidase,superoxide dismutase activities and total short-chain fatty acid content were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with CON group,height of mucosal folds and muscle thickness in CB2 group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and intestinal malondialdehyde content was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared to CON group,the dominant phylum bacteria in the CB2 group shifted from Proteobacteria to Firmicutes,with an increase in the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes,and decreased relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteriota;the dominant genus bacteria in the CB2 group shifted from Pseudomonas to Lactobacillus,with an increase in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus.Metabolomics results showed that 184 differential metabolites were identified in the comparison of CON and CB2 groups.The most abundant differential metabolites were lipid metabolites,with the majority of up-regulated lipid metabolites being upregulated sphingolipids and phospholipids.The differential metabolites were enriched into five pathways,i.e.starch and sucrose metabolism,galactose metabolism,ABC transporters,biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids,and linoleic acid metabolism.The results indicate that Clostridium butyricum can improve the structure

关 键 词：丁酸梭菌 珍珠龙胆石斑鱼 肠道微生物 肠道代谢物 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]