饲料蛋白质水平对中国结鱼幼鱼生长性能以及血清生化、抗氧化和免疫指标的影响  

Effects of Dietary Protein Levels on Growth Performance and Serum Biochemical,Antioxidant and Immune Indices of Juvenile Tor sinensis

作　　者：钟天 丁慧萍 杨洋 陈锋[2] 段必辉 夏一丹 刘军 王岳松 程睿 杨文帅 张志明 ZHONG Tian;DING Huiping;YANG Yang;CHEN Feng;DUAN Bihui;XIA Yidan;LIU Jun;WANG Yuesong;CHENG Rui;YANG Wenshuai;ZHANG Zhiming(Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science,School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering,Wuhan Polytechnic University,Wuhan 430023,China;Hubei Engineering Research Center of Hydroecology Protection and Restoration,Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem,Ministry of Water Resources,Institute of Hydroecology,Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430079,China;Huaneng Lancang River Hydropower Inc.,Kunming 650000,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉轻工大学动物科学与营养工程学院,动物营养与饲料科学湖北省重点实验室,武汉430023 [2]水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所,水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室,湖北省水生态保护与修复工程技术研究中心,武汉430079 [3]华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司,昆明650000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第4期2614-2626,共13页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：武汉轻工大学动物营养与饲料科学湖北省重点实验室项目(202411);武汉轻工大学引进(培养)人才科研启动基金。

摘　　要：本试验旨在探究饲料不同蛋白质水平对中国结鱼(Tor sinensis)幼鱼生长性能以及血清生化、抗氧化和免疫指标的影响。选取初始体重为(10.0±0.4)g的健康中国结鱼幼鱼450尾,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾鱼。5组试验鱼分别饲喂蛋白质水平分别为28%(P1组)、31%(P2组)、34%(P3组)、37%(P4组)和40%(P5组)的等脂等能饲料。试验期60 d。结果表明:1)随着饲料蛋白质水平的提高,中国结鱼幼鱼全长、终末体重、增重率、特定生长率和肥满度等生长性能指标呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势,其中以P3组最高,显著高于P1组和P5组(P<0.05);摄食率和饲料系数呈现先降低后升高的变化趋势,其中以P3组最低,显著低于P1组和P5组(P<0.05)。2)随着饲料蛋白质水平的提高,中国结鱼幼鱼血清甘油三酯、胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白含量呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势,血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)活性及葡萄糖含量呈现先降低后升高的变化趋势,其中P3组血清ALT(P4组除外)和AST活性显著低于其他组(P<0.05)。3)随着饲料蛋白质水平的提高,中国结鱼幼鱼血清总抗氧化能力以及超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势,且以P3组最高;血清丙二醛含量呈现先降低后升高的变化趋势,且以P3组最低。4)随着饲料蛋白质水平的提高,中国结鱼幼鱼各血清免疫指标均呈现先升高后降低的变化趋势,且均以P3组最高。5)以增重率和特定生长率为评价指标进行折线回归分析得出,中国结鱼幼鱼饲料适宜蛋白质水平分别为33.95%和34.10%。综上所述,建议中国结鱼幼鱼饲料适宜蛋白质水平为34%。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different dietary protein levels on growth performance and serum biochemical,antioxidant and immune indices of juvenile Tor sinensis.A total of 450 healthy juvenile Tor sinensis with an initial body weight of(10.0±0.4)g were randomly divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates per group and 30 fish per replicate.The fish in the five groups were fed isolipidic-isoenergetic diets with protein levels of 28%(P1 group),31%(P2 group),34%(P3 group),37%(P4 group)and 40%(P5 group),respectively.The experiment lasted for 60 days.The results showed as follows:1)with the increase of dietary protein level,the growth performance indices such as total length,final body weight,weight gain rate,specific growth rate and condition factor of juvenile Tor sinensis showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing,among which P3 group had the highest value and was significantly higher than P1 and P5 groups(P<0.05);the feeding rate and feed coefficient showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing,and the P3 group had the lowest value,which was significantly lower than that in P1 and P5 groups(P<0.05).2)With the increase of dietary protein level,the contents of triglyceride,cholesterol,high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein in serum of juvenile Tor sinensis showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing,while the activities of alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and glucose content in serum showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing.The serum ALT(except for P4 group)and AST activities in P3 group were significantly lower than those in the other groups(P<0.05).3)With the increase of dietary protein level,the total antioxidant capacity and the activities of superoxide dismutase,glutathione peroxidase and catalase in serum of juvenile Tor sinensis showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing,and the highest value was found in P3 group;the serum malondialdehyde(MDA)content showed a trend of decreasin

关 键 词：饲料蛋白质水平 中国结鱼 生长性能 血清生化指标 抗氧化 免疫 

分 类 号：S965[农业科学—水产养殖]