2种乳酸菌添加剂对全株玉米青贮品质及其微生物区系的影响  

Effects of Two Lactic Acid Bacteria Additives on Quality and Microflora of Whole Plant Corn Silage

作　　者：杨琪 苏嘉琪 张思琦 岳嘉豪 邹郑欣 辛杭书[1] YANG Qi;SU Jiaqi;ZHANG Siqi;YUE Jiahao;ZOU Zhengxin;XIN Hangshu(College of Animal Science and Technology,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2025年第4期2772-2787,共16页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部-国家奶牛产业技术体系(CARS-36);雀巢校企合作课题(86009600)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究同型乳酸菌和同型异型混合乳酸菌对全株玉米青贮品质及其微生物区系的影响。试验设置3个组:1)对照组(CK组),没有任何处理;2)添加植物乳杆菌组(LP组,2.5×10^(8)CFU/kg);3)添加乳酸乳球菌和布氏乳杆菌组(LLLB组,2.6×10^(8)CFU/kg;乳酸乳球菌∶布氏乳杆菌=1∶1),每组3个重复,每个重复3个样品。青贮1、2、3、5、7、15、30和45 d后,开封取样,测定发酵指标和微生物区系;取45 d的样品进行营养物质的测定。结果表明:LP组全株玉米青贮的可溶性蛋白质和非蛋白氮含量显著高于LLLB组(P<0.05)。康奈尔净碳水化合物-蛋白质体系(CNCPS)组分中,LP组不可利用蛋白质(PC)含量显著低于CK组(P<0.05),LP组中速降解碳水化合物(CB1)含量显著高于CK组和LLLB组(P<0.05)。LP组总可消化中性洗涤纤维含量显著高于CK组及LLLB组(P<0.05)。青贮45 d,LP组及LLLB组乙酸含量无显著差异(P>0.05),但显著高于CK组(P<0.05)。青贮5~45 d,LLLB组氨态氮含量显著高于LP组(P<0.05)。青贮30 d,LP组及LLLB组操作分类单元及Chao1指数显著低于CK组(P<0.05)。在青贮过程中,LP组和LLLB组乳酸菌属相对丰度提高,魏斯氏菌属相对丰度降低。其中,乳酸菌属相对丰度在LP组从30.50%增加到77.85%,LLLB组从32.84%增加到77.23%;LP组的魏斯氏菌属相对丰度从33.34%下降到5.68%,LLLB组的魏斯氏菌属相对丰度从25.15%下降到5.69%。综上所述,全株玉米青贮中添加植物乳杆菌添加剂对其青贮的营养价值和发酵品质的影响优于乳酸乳球菌和布氏乳杆菌组合处理。The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of homotypic and homotypic mixed lactic acid bacteria on the quality and microflora of whole corn silage.The experiment was divided into 3 groups:1)control group(CK group)without any treatment;2)adding Lactobacillus plantarum group(LP group,2.5×10^(8)CFU/kg);3)adding Lactococcus lactis and Lactobacillus brucei groups(LLLB group,2.6×10^(8)CFU/kg;Lactococcus lactis∶Lactobacillus brucei=1∶1)with 3 replicates per group and 3 samples per replicate.After silage 1,2,3,5,7,15,30 and 45 days,the samples were opened and the fermentation indexes and microflora were determined.The samples were taken for 45 days for the determination of nutrients.The results showed that the contents of soluble protein and non-protein nitrogen of whole plant corn silage were significantly higher in LP group than in LLLB group(P<0.05).In the components of Cornell net carbohydrate-protein system(CNCPS),the content of unavailable protein(PC)in LP group was significantly lower than that in CK group(P<0.05),and the content of medium rapidly degraded carbohydrate(CB 1)in LP group was significantly higher than that in CK and LLLB groups(P<0.05).The content of total digestible neutral detergent fiber in LP group was significantly higher than that in CK and LLLB groups(P<0.05).At 45 days of silage,acetic acid content in LP group and LLLB group had no significant difference(P>0.05),but was significantly higher than that in CK group(P<0.05).The ammonia nitrogen content in LLLB group was significantly higher than that in LP group(P<0.05)for silage from 5 to 45 days.After 30 days of silage,operational taxonomic unit and Chao1 index were significantly lower(P<0.05)in LP and LLLB groups than in CK group.During silage,both LP and LLLB groups increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and decreased the relative abundance of Weissella.In particular,the relative abundance of Lactobacillus increased from 30.50%to 77.85%in the LP group and from 32.84%to 77.23%in the LLLB group.The relative abundance

关 键 词：全株玉米青贮 植物乳杆菌 布氏乳杆菌 乳酸乳球菌 发酵品质 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]