旱作区不同地膜类型对地温、谷子生长及产量的影响  

Effects of Different Plastic Film Types on Soil Temperature,Millet Physiology and Yield in Dry Farming Area

作　　者：贾祎明 温蕊 赵雅杰 张永虎 JIA Yiming;WEN Rui;ZHAO Yajie;ZHANG Yonghu(Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot 010031,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院,呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《耕作与栽培》2025年第3期45-50,共6页Tillage and Cultivation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2023YFD160070);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-06-14.5-B11)。

摘　　要：为探究旱作区不同地膜类型对地温、谷子生长及产量的影响,以金苗K1为研究对象,选取了7种不同厚度、颜色和降解特性的地膜(包括PE全膜、渗水全膜、宏达黑半膜、渗降全膜、PE半膜、喜丰全膜和宏达白半膜)进行覆膜栽培试验,通过探讨不同地膜在谷子不同生育期影响。结果表明,在谷子生长各时期,不同覆膜处理下,不同土层土壤温度呈现如下变化趋势:PE全膜处理>渗水全处理>渗降全膜处理>喜丰全膜处理>露地无膜处理>PE半膜处理>宏达白半膜处理>宏达黑半膜处理。从生育期看,土壤温度表现为抽穗期>拔节期>成熟期,抽穗期土壤温度高,是因为该时期降雨少、日照足。PE全膜处理增产幅度为29.75%~70.01%;渗水全膜处理相较于喜丰全膜处理、露地无膜处理、PE半膜处理和宏达白半膜处理的产量分别增加了33.29%、64.89%、34.30%和43.47%;宏达黑半膜处理相较于露地无膜处理产量增加了44.55%。To investigate the effects of different plastic film mulching types on soil temperature,millet growth and yield in dryland farming areas,Jinmiao K1 was used as the research object and seven kinds of plastic films with different thickness,color and degradation characteristics(including PE whole film,water seepage whole film,Hongda black film,seepage whole film,PE half film,Xifeng whole film and Hongda white film)were selected for film mulching cultivation test.The effects of different plastic films on millet at different growth stages were discussed.The results showed that during the growth period of millet,under different film mulching treatments,the soil temperature in different soil layers showed the following trends with PE full film treatment>seepage full treatment>seepage full treatment>Xifeng full treatment>open field without film treatment>PE half film treatment>Hongda white treatment>Hongda black treatment.From the perspective of growth period,the soil temperature was heading stage>jointing stage>mature stage.The high soil temperature at heading stage was due to less rainfall and sufficient sunshine during this period.The yield increase of the whole PE film treatment was 29.75%-70.01%.Compared with the full treatment of Xifeng,open field without film treatment,PE half film treatment and Hongdabai treatment,the yield of the full treatment of water infiltration increased by 33.29%,64.89%,34.30% and 43.47%,respectively.The yield of Hongda black treatment increased by 44.55% compared with that of open field without film treatment.

关 键 词：谷子 土壤温度 生长 产量 

分 类 号：S515.04[农业科学—作物学]