超重/肥胖母亲人体成分与母乳营养成分及婴儿体格生长的相关性研究  

Correlation study between body composition and breast milk nutritional components of overweight/obese mothers and infant physical growth

作　　者：邓莎莎 沈玲玲 孙榕伯 孟玉梅 金华 DENG Shasha;SHEN Lingling;SUN Rongbo;MENG Yumei;JIN Hua(Suzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Plan Family Planning Service Center,Suzhou 215132,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州市妇幼保健计划生育服务中心,江苏苏州215132

出　　处：《中国妇幼卫生杂志》2025年第2期150-155,共6页Chinese Journal of Women and Children Health

基　　金：中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心母婴营养与健康研究项目(2022FYH020)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨超重/肥胖母亲人体成分和母乳营养成分的相关性,并分析其对婴儿体格生长的影响,为指导哺乳期营养干预提供科学依据。方法 采用前瞻性队列研究方法,随机选取2022年10月—2023年6月在江苏省南京医科大学附属苏州市立医院分娩的产后42 d的妇女及其婴儿。纳入114例超重/肥胖(超重66例,肥胖48例)妇女及其婴儿作为超重/肥胖组,132例体质指数(body mass index,BMI)正常的妇女及其婴儿作为对照组。入组时采集基线资料,同时对母亲进行人体成分和母乳营养分析,对婴儿进行体格测量,并纵向观察婴儿体格生长至其3月龄。结果 对超重/肥胖母亲人体成分和母乳营养成分进行Person相关性分析,超重/肥胖组母亲母乳蛋白质供能比低于对照组,而脂肪供能比高于对照组(P <0.05)。超重/肥胖组母亲去脂体重指数(fat free mass index, FFMI)、骨骼肌指数(skeletal muscle index, SMI)与母乳脂肪含量呈正相关,而体脂指数(fat mass index, FMI)、体脂百分比(percent body fat, PBF)与母乳总能量、脂肪、蛋白质含量均呈负相关(均P <0.05)。对照组母亲FFMI与母乳脂肪呈正相关(P <0.05)。超重/肥胖组母亲SMI、对照组母亲FFMI与婴儿出生42 d至3月龄体重增长速度呈正相关(均P <0.05)。FMI、PBF与婴儿生长速度的相关性无统计学意义(均P> 0.05)。结论 母亲FFMI在影响母乳营养成分和婴儿早期生长方面起着重要作用,而超重/肥胖母亲过高的PBF可能会对母乳质量产生不利影响,有待开展更深入的研究。Objective To explore the correlation between the body composition and breast milk nutritional components in overweight/obese mothers,and to analyze their impact on infant physical growth,thereby providing scientific evidence for nutritional interventions during breastfeeding.Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted.Women who delivered at Suzhou Municipal Hospital affiliated with Nanjing Medical University between October 2022 and June 2023 and their infants were randomly selected 42 days postpartum.A total of 114 overweight/obese women(66 overweight and 48 obese)and their infants were included as the overweight/obese group,while 132 women with normal body mass index(BMI)and their infants were included as the control group.Baseline data were collected at enrollment,and the mothers’body composition and breast milk nutritional were analyzed,and the infants’physical measurements were conducted.Infant growth was observed longitudinally until 3 months of age.Results Pearson correlation analysis showed that the protein energy ratio of breast milk from mothers in the overweight/obese group was lower than that in the control group,while the fat energy ratio was higher(P<0.05).In the overweight/obese group,fat-free mass index(FFMI)and skeletal muscle index(SMI)of the mothers were positively correlated with breast milk fat content,whereas fat mass index(FMI)and percentage of body fat(PBF)were negatively correlated with total energy,fat,and protein content in breast milk(P<0.05).In the control group,FFMI was positively correlated with breast milk fat(P<0.05).The SMI of mothers in the overweight/obese group and FFMI of mothers in the control group were positively correlated with the weight gain of infants from 42 days to 3 months of age(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant correlation between FMI,PBF,and infants’growth velocity(P>0.05).Conclusion Maternal fat-free mass plays a crucial role in influencing the nutritional components of breast milk and early infant growth,while excessively high body fat p

关 键 词：超重 肥胖 母乳成分 人体成分 婴儿生长 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]