构建盆腔器官脱垂大鼠动物模型:3种造模方法的比较  

Constructing a rat animal model of pelvic organ prolapse:a comparison of three modeling methods

作　　者：杨静[1] 王厚梅 王艺 宋敏 任婕 代陆军 肖子文 Yang Jing;Wang Houmei;Wang Yi;Song Min;Ren Jie;Dai Lujun;Xiao Ziwen(Graduate School of Clinical Medicine,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550004,Guizhou Province,China;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550004,Guizhou Province,China;Department of Pathology,Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550004,Guizhou Province,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学临床医学研究生院,贵州省贵阳市550004 [2]贵州医科大学附属医院妇产科,贵州省贵阳市550004 [3]贵州医科大学附属医院病理科,贵州省贵阳市550004

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2026年第4期864-872,共9页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2022]一般436),项目负责人:王厚梅;贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2024]重点041),项目负责人:王厚梅;贵州医科大学附属医院博士科研启动基金(gyfybsky 2023-21),项目负责人:王厚梅。

摘　　要：背景:目前关于盆腔器官脱垂动物模型的造模方法较多,常用的是阴道球囊扩张、卵巢切除及两者联合法,但尚无对3种造模方法详细比较的研究。目的:采用3种不同方法构建并验证盆腔器官脱垂大鼠动物模型,鉴定各种模型的利弊。方法:选取8周龄SPF级SD雌性大鼠72只,随机分为4组,分别采用阴道球囊扩张、卵巢切除、卵巢切除联合阴道球囊扩张法建立盆腔器官脱垂模型,并以假手术组为对照(不切除卵巢不扩张阴道)。分别于术后4,8,12周取大鼠阴道壁组织行苏木精-伊红染色、Masson染色、EVG染色及α-SMA、Vimentin、基质金属蛋白酶9免疫组织化学染色检测,盆底肌组织行苏木精-伊红染色、Masson染色和EVG染色检测。结果与结论:(1)苏木精-伊红染色提示,与假手术组比较,阴道球囊扩张组的阴道上皮层厚度下降差异均无显著性(P > 0.05),而卵巢切除组和联合组阴道上皮层厚度均显著下降(P<0.001),其中联合组下降的更明显,且在术后8周时下降已达稳定状态并可持续到12周。(2)Masson和EVG染色显示,阴道壁胶原纤维及弹性纤维的含量变化同苏木精-伊红染色阴道上皮层厚度变化趋势,各处理组盆底肌组织的胶原纤维及弹性纤维均无变化。(3)与假手术组比较,阴道球囊扩张组的阴道壁组织中α-SMA、Vimentin、基质金属蛋白酶9蛋白表达变化差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05),而卵巢切除组和联合组α-SMA和Vimentin表达显著下降,基质金属蛋白酶9蛋白显著增加(均P<0.01),其中联合组蛋白表达变化更明显,且在术后8周时已达稳定状态并可持续到12周。(4)结论:阴道球囊扩张不能长时间维持阴道壁形成的盆腔器官脱垂退变,卵巢切除和联合法均可,联合法可加快并加重阴道壁组织形成盆腔器官脱垂典型组织学特征,有效缩短实验周期,提高效率,且在术后8周时可达稳定状态并可持续到12周,具有盆腔器官脱�BACKGROUND:Currently,there are many modeling methods for pelvic organ prolapse animal models,and the commonly used methods are vaginal balloon dilatation,oophorectomy and the combination of the two.There is no study comparing the three modeling methods in detail.OBJECTIVE:To construct and validate a rat animal model of pelvic organ prolapse using three different methods and to identify the advantages and disadvantages of various models.METHODS:Seventy-two 8-week SPF-grade female Sprague-Dawley rats were selected and randomly divided into four groups,namely,vaginal balloon dilatation group,ovariectomy group,ovariectomy combined with vaginal balloon dilatation group(the combined group),and the sham-operated group(no ovariectomy and no vaginal dilatation).The vaginal wall tissues of rats were collected at 4,8 and 12 weeks after the operation for hematoxylin-eosin staining,Masson staining,EVG staining and immunohistochemical staining ofα-smooth muscle actin,Vimentin and matrix metalloproteinase 9 detection,and the pelvic floor muscle tissues were taken at 4,8 and 12 weeks after the operation for hematoxylin-eosin staining,Masson staining and EVG staining.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Hematoxylin-eosi staining showed that there was no significant difference in the decrease of vaginal epithelial layer thickness in the vaginal balloon dilatation group compared with the sham-operated group,(P>0.05),while the thickness of the vaginal epithelial layer was significantly reduced in the ovariectomy group and the ovariectomy combined with vaginal balloon dilation group(P<0.001),and the reduction was more significant in the ovariectomy combined with vaginal balloon dilation group,remained stable at 8 weeks after surgery and lasted until 12 weeks.(2)The changes in the content of collagen fibers and elastic fibers in the vaginal wall stained by Masson and EVG staining were the same as the changes in the thickness of the vaginal epithelial layer stained by hematoxylin-eosin,and there were no changes in collagen fibers and elastic fib

关 键 词：盆腔器官脱垂 动物模型 卵巢切除 阴道球囊扩张 大鼠 

分 类 号：R496[医药卫生—康复医学] R-332[医药卫生—临床医学] R711.2