不同砧木对5年生芽苗砧嫁接油茶叶片解剖结构及其生理特性的影响  

Effects of rootstocks on anatomical structure and physiological characteristics of 5-year-old Camellia oleifera leaves grafted on bud seedlings

作　　者：任可为 刘娟[1,2] 邹中华 陶文杰 左静 周伟华 刘耀辉 陈豪 王毓曼 胡冬南 REN Kewei;LIU Juan;ZOU Zhonghua;TAO Wenjie;ZUO Jing;ZHOU Weihua;LIU Yaohui;CHEN Hao;WANG Yuman;HU Dongnan(Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Forest Resources Cultivation,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,Jiangxi,China;College of Forestry,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,Jiangxi,China;Xinyu Forestry Bureau,Xinyu 228000,Jiangxi,China;Forestry Bureau of Yugan County,Shangrao 335100,Jiangxi,China;Yugan County Modern Agriculture Demonstration Zone Management Office,Shangrao 335100,Jiangxi,China;Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Liuzhou Ecological Environmental Monitoring Center,Liuzhou 545000,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学亚热带森林资源培育江西省重点实验室,江西南昌330045 [2]江西农业大学林学院,江西南昌330045 [3]新余市林业局,江西新余228000 [4]余干县林业局,江西上饶335100 [5]余干县现代农业示范区管理办公室,江西上饶335100 [6]广西壮族自治区柳州生态环境监测中心,广西柳州545000

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2025年第4期98-107,共10页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32060362);江西省研究生创新专项(YC2023-S386)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同砧木对嫁接油茶初果期叶片结构、生理特性的影响,揭示砧木对油茶树体地上部分的影响规律,分析叶片结构与生理特性之间的关系,为油茶芽苗砧嫁接育苗砧木的选择奠定理论基础。【方法】以‘赣无2’‘赣石83-1’‘赣8’为砧木,嫁接‘赣无2’穗条,培育同穗异砧嫁接组合,5年生(初果期)时探究嫁接植株叶片解剖结构、抗性生理、光合特性以及叶绿素荧光特性,分析不同砧木组合的差异及嫁接油茶叶片结构与生理之间的关系,探讨砧木品种对5年生油茶芽苗砧芽嫁接体的影响。【结果】1)同穗不同砧组合在叶片解剖结构上存在显著差异,其中‘赣无2’砧木组合的叶片厚度(330.15μm)、栅栏组织厚度(180.97μm)以及海绵组织厚度(149.19μm)均显著高于其他组合,栅/海比最低(1.22),其叶绿素含量(12.61 mg·g^(-1))显著低于其他组合;2)5年生时,砧木品种对嫁接体叶片可溶性蛋白含量影响显著,对可溶性糖含量影响不明显。‘赣8’砧木组合可溶性蛋白含量最高(3.51 mg·g^(-1)),栅/海比最高(1.28),说明其抗旱性最强;3)砧木品种对4种抗氧化酶(SOD、POD、CAT、MDA)活性无显著性影响,这可能是由于取样时间在胁迫较少的5月,抗氧化酶尚未启动保护程序;4)不同砧木组合对叶片的初始荧光(F_(o))、最大荧光(Fm)、最大光合能量转化率(F_(v)/F_(m))、非光化学猝灭系数(q_(P))、光化学猝灭系数(qN)无显著影响,对叶片日光合的胞间CO_(2)浓度(C_(i))、气孔导度(G_(s))、第二系统的光合成有效量子效率(YⅡ)和表观电子传递效率(ETR)有显著影响,‘赣无2’本砧组合YⅡ和ETR都处于较高水平,这可能是本砧组合亲和性较高的原因。【结论】同穗不同砧木嫁接植株5年生(初果期)时,叶片结构和生理特性均会存在差异,‘赣8’砧木的栅/海比和可溶性蛋白含量均为最高,抗旱性更强;‘赣无2’本砧叶绿【Objective】To explore the effects of rootstocks on leaf structure and physiology of grafted Camellia oleifera at the early fruit stage,reveal the law of rootstocks on the aboveground parts,and analyze the relationship between leaf structure and physiology,the study laid a theoretical foundation for the selection of rootstock for Camellia oleifera bud seedling grafting.【Method】‘GW2’‘GS83-1’and‘G8’were used as rootstocks for‘GW2’panicle grafting to develop different rootstock combinations with the same panicle,the anatomical structure,resistance physiology,photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of the grafted plants were investigated at the age of 5 years,the differences of different stock combinations and the relationship between leaf structure and physiology of grafted Camellia oleifera were analyzed.【Result】1)There were significant differences in leaf anatomical structure among different stock combinations with the same panicle,the‘GW2’rootstock combination had significantly higher leaf thickness(330.15μm),palisade tissue thickness(180.97μm)and sponge tissue thickness(149.19μm)than other combinations,and lowest gate/sea ratio(1.22),the content of chlorophyll(12.61 mg·g^(-1))was significantly lower than that of other combinations;2)the effect of rootstock varieties on soluble protein content of 5-year-old grafted leaves was significant,but the effect on soluble sugar content was not significant.The soluble protein content of‘G8’was also the highest(3.51 mg·g^(-1)),and‘G8’as rootstock was the highest(1.28)in palisade/sea ratio,indicating that‘G8’had the most remarkable drought resistance;3)Rootstock had no significant effect on the activities of four antioxidant enzymes(SOD,POD,CAT,MDA),which may be due to the fact that the sampling time was in the less stress 5 months,and the antioxidant enzymes had not started the protective procedure.4)There were no significant effects on F_(o),F_(m),F_(v)/F_(m),q_(P),q_(N)of leaves,but signif

关 键 词：油茶 嫁接 砧木 叶片解剖结构 生理特性 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]