静电纺纳米纤维纱线及其织物在生物医学领域的研究进展  

Research progress of electrospun nanofiber yarn and its fabric in biomedical field

作　　者：杨博 吴韶华 YANG Bo;WU Shaohua(College of Textiles and Clothing,Qingdao University,Qingdao,266071,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学纺织服装学院,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《棉纺织技术》2025年第5期12-19,共8页Cotton Textile Technology

基　　金：生物多糖纤维成形与生态纺织国家重点实验室课题(TSKT202102)。

摘　　要：探讨静电纺纳米纤维纱线及其构成的纺织品在生物医用领域的最新研究进展。简述了取向结构、加捻结构以及皮芯包覆结构纳米纤维纱线的制备方法,介绍了以纳米纤维纱线为原料构建的各种新型纺织品的最新研究进展及其性能优缺点,梳理并讨论了静电纺纳米纤维纱线及其织物作为体内植入性纺织品在外科手术缝合线、周围神经、肌腱、心血管系统等生物医学领域中的相关研究进展。认为:静电纺纳米纤维纱线不仅具备纳米纤维直径细、比表面积高、细胞外基质仿形好等优势,而且具备优异的纺织加工成型性,制备的纺织品具备形貌、结构以及各项性能高度可控的优点,可针对不同的器官和组织进行支架个性化调控设计与制备。目前静电纺纳米纤维纱线在结构调控、性能优化以及产业化批量制备方面仍面临巨大挑战,未来应深入研究,推动静电纺纳米纤维纱线及其织物在生物医学领域的转化与应用。The latest research and application progress of electrospun nanofiber yarns and their textiles in biomedical field were discussed.The preparation methods of oriented,twisted and sheath-core coated nanofiber yarns were introduced.The latest research progress,advantages and disadvantages of various advanced textiles constructed from electrospun nanofiber yarns were further introduced.The research progress of electrospun nanofiber yarns and their fabrics as implantable textiles in the biomedical field,such as surgical suture,peripheral nerve,tendon,as well as cardiovascular system,were reviewed and discussed.It is concluded that electrospun nanofiber yarns not only have the advantages originated from the nanofiber materials such as small fiber diameter,high specific surface area,and good extracellular matrix-mimicking property,but also have excellent textile-processing formability.The textiles prepared by electrospun nanofiber yarns have the advantages of highly controllable morphology,structure,and various property,and can be personalized control design and preparation of scaffolds for different organs and tissues.The structure control,performance optimization and industrial batch preparation of electrospun nanofiber yarns are still facing great challenges at present.The future research should focus on these core issues to promote the transformation and application of electrospun nanofiber yarns and their fabrics in biomedical field.

关 键 词：生物医用纺织品 纳米纤维纱线 纳米纺织品 静电纺丝 组织工程 

分 类 号：TS101.8[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]