基于发电效率评价的燃料电池最优功率点优化方法  

OPTIMAL POWER POINT OPTIMIZATION METHOD FOR FUEL CELLS BASED ON GENERATION EFFICIENCY EVALUATION

作　　者：马玉河 卫东 崔健 郑万俊 Ma Yuhe;Wei Dong;Cui Jian;Zheng Wanjun(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou 310018,China;College of Modern Science and Technology,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量大学机电工程学院,杭州310018 [2]中国计量大学现代科技学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2025年第4期49-57,共9页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：浙江省基础公益研究计划(LGG22E070003,LGG20E070003)。

摘　　要：基于燃料电池二阶RC等效电路,结合内阻特性和电气输出特性,分析电堆发电的能量转换过程,建立燃料电池堆发电效率模型,研究操作条件、内阻特性与发电效率之间的变化规律。提出以堆内直流总内阻最小为优化目标、功率跟踪为约束条件的最优功率点优化控制方法,获得电堆在不同负载需求功率输出下的最优操作条件,实现最优性能输出。通过电堆的I-V特性和交流阻抗特性实验验证模型和方法的有效可靠性。研究结果表明:堆内直流总内阻最小时对应的操作条件最优,发电效率提高;负载跟踪状态下,通过最优功率点优化控制方法求解得到的最优操作条件,能提升燃料电池堆的输出性能和发电效率,方法有效可靠。Based on the second-order RC equivalent circuit of fuel cells,combined with internal resistance characteristics and electrical output characteristics,the energy conversion process of fuel cell stack power generation is analyzed,and a fuel cell stack power generation efficiency model is established to study the variation law among operating conditions,internal resistance characteristics,and power generation efficiency.An optimal power point control method is proposed,which takes the minimum total internal resistance in the reactor as the optimization objective and power tracking as the constraint condition,The optimal operating conditions of the stack under different load demand power output are obtained to achieve the optimal performance output.The effectiveness and reliability of the model and method through experiments on the I-V characteristics and AC impedance characteristics of the fuel cell stack are verified.The research results indicate that the minimum total internal resistance of DC in the reactor corresponds to the optimal operating conditions,and the power generation efficiency is improved.Under load tracking state,the optimal operating conditions obtained through the optimal power point optimization control method can improve the output performance and power generation efficiency of fuel cell stacks,and the method is effective and reliable.

关 键 词：燃料电池 效率 优化 操作条件 负载跟踪 

分 类 号：TM911.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]