光伏功率均衡器拓扑综述  

Review of Photovoltaic Power Equalizer Topologies

作　　者：赵犇[1] 崔浩然 皇甫宜耿[1] 杨永恒 ZHAO Ben;CUI Haoran;HUANGFU Yigeng;YANG Yongheng(School of Automation,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China;School of Electrical Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学自动化学院,西安710072 [2]浙江大学电气工程学院,杭州310027

出　　处：《电源学报》2025年第2期105-114,共10页Journal of Power Supply

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51807164);陕西省重点研发计划资助项目(2022GY-175)。

摘　　要：以光伏发电为代表的新能源发电已经成为实现“碳中和”这一目标的重要手段。光伏发电系统通常需要多个光伏组件串联从而获得高电压输出,而在串联光伏组件中由于局部阴影或组件不同程度老化等因素造成的组件特性不匹配会导致系统发电量的严重损失。因此,诸多技术方案被提出以尝试解决这一问题。其中,光伏均衡器成为1种很有前景的解决方案,其采用电力电子变换器将不匹配功率进行转移从而改变组件工作点获得最大功率输出。首先介绍光伏均衡器的基本概念及工作原理。然后详细介绍组件-母线(PV-bus)结构、组件-组件(PV-PV)结构及其他特殊类型结构的光伏均衡器拓扑,并对现有的光伏均衡器拓扑电路进行细致的参数及性能对比分析。最后,对不同类型的光伏均衡器拓扑结构进行总结与评价,为该方向的研究人员提供参考。To achieve the target of carbon neutrality,renewable energy power generation represented by photovoltaic(PV)power generation has become an important means.PV power generation systems usually require multiple PV modules to be connected in series to obtain a high output voltage.However,in series-connected PV modules,the mismatch of component characteristics due to partial shading or different degrees of aging of components will cause a serious loss of power generation.Therefore,many technical schemes have been proposed to solve this problem.The PV equalizer has become a promising solution,and it uses a power electronic converter to transfer the mismatched power and change the operating point of the component to obtain the maximum output power.First,the basic concepts and principles of PV equalizers are elaborated,then,the PV-bus,PV-PV and other special types of PV equalizers topologies are introduces in detail.In addition,a comparison and analysis of the paremeters and performance of the existing PV equalizer topologies is performed.Finally,the topological structures of PV equalizers are summarized and evaluated,providing a reference for engineers and practitioners in this field.

关 键 词：光伏发电 不匹配 均衡器 差分功率处理 

分 类 号：TM615[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]