基于神经网络的低比转速离心泵停机瞬态过程研究  

A Neural Network-Based Study on the Transient Shutdown Process of a Low Specific Speed Centrifugal Pump

作　　者：童江波 孙晓[1] 张玉良 许晓威 贾晓奇[3] TONG Jiangbo;SUN Xiao;ZHANG Yuliang;XU Xiaowei;JIA Xiaoqi(School of Mechanical Engineering,Hunan University of Technology,Zhuzhou Hunan 412007,China;College of Mechanical Engineering,Quzhou University,Quzhou Zhejiang 324000,China;The Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Fluid Transmission Technology,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南工业大学机械工程学院,湖南株洲412007 [2]衢州学院机械工程学院,浙江衢州324000 [3]浙江理工大学浙江省流体传输技术重点实验室,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《湖南工业大学学报》2025年第5期31-38,共8页Journal of Hunan University of Technology

基　　金：湖南省研究生科研创新基金资助项目(QL20230263);湖南省重点领域研发计划基金资助项目(2022GK2068);浙江省基础公益研究计划基金资助项目(LZY21E050001)。

摘　　要：为揭示离心泵在停机瞬态过程中的水力特性,在6种非额定工况下对一台低比转速开式叶轮离心泵进行了停机实验,获得了其转速、进出口压力、扬程、流量和轴功率等外特性参数随时间的实时演化特性。同时,建立了基于BP神经网络模型的停机工况拟合模型,为泵站断电停机等意外工况的保护提供了仿真测试平台。通过研究发现:叶轮转速在停机初期呈线性快速下降;流量在停机初期受惯性作用和叶轮作用缓慢下降,随着出口阀门开度增大,流量下降所需时间更长;轴功率在停机瞬间呈现波动式快速下降趋势。结果表明拟合模型能准确展示泵停机瞬时过程中的水力性能。In order to reveal the hydraulic characteristics of centrifugal pumps in the transient shutdown process,a shutdown experiment has been carried out on a low specific speed open impeller centrifugal pump under six non-rated conditions,thus obtaining the real-time evolution characteristics of the external characteristic parameters such as rotational speed,inlet and outlet pressures,head,flow rate,and shaft power over time.Meanwhile,a fitting model is established for the shutdown conditions based on the BP neural network model providing a simulation test platform for the protection of the pump station under unexpected conditions such as pump station power failure or shutdown.Based on the simulation analysis it is found that the impeller speed shows a linear and rapid decline in the initial stage of shutdown,while the flow rate decreases slowly due to the inertia and impeller effects;with an increase in the opening of outlet valves,the time required for the flow rate to decline is prolonged as well,with the shaft power showing a fluctuating and rapidly declining trend in the initial stage of shutdown.The results show that the proposed model accurately presents the hydraulic performance in the transient pump shutdown process.

关 键 词：离心泵 停机 外特性 BP神经网络 

分 类 号：TH311[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]