不同调酸措施对江西红壤稻田酸化防治及水稻产量的影响  

Effects of Different Acid Regulation Measures on the Prevention and Control of Acidification of Red Soil Paddy Fields and Rice Yields in Jiangxi

作　　者：李峰 何小林 曾宪强 钟厚 李模其 陶峰 丁怡倩 LI Feng;HE Xiao-in;ZENG Xian-qiang;ZHONG Hou;LI Mo-qi;TAO Feng;DING Yi-qian(Ganzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Ganzhou 341000,PRC;Jiangxi Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Nanchang 330046,PRC;Shangyou County Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Ganzhou 341200,PRC)

机构地区：[1]江西省赣州市农业技术推广中心,江西赣州341000 [2]江西省农业技术推广中心,江西南昌330046 [3]上犹县农业农村局,江西赣州341200

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2025年第3期37-41,共5页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江西省农业关键核心攻关课题(JXNK202307-02)。

摘　　要：针对红壤稻田酸化问题,以江西省赣州市上犹县社溪镇红壤稻田为对象,试验设置农民习惯性施化肥(NPK)为对照,以及增施石灰(NPK+L)、增施绿肥(NPK+GM)、增施有机肥(NPK+OM)、增施秸秆(NPK+S)和增施石灰+绿肥+有机肥(NPK+L+GM+OM)这5个调酸措施处理,通过对比其土壤酸化防治及水稻增产增效的综合效应,为建立江西酸化稻田水稻高产稳产技术体系提供支撑。结果表明:与NPK处理相比,5个调酸措施均能提高土壤pH值;NPK+GM处理的土壤有机质含量最高,增加了6.25%;不同调酸措施土壤碱解氮、速效钾、缓效钾含量也有不同程度的增加;NPK+L+GM+OM处理对水稻增产效果最好,早稻产量增幅为4.50%,晚稻产量增幅为6.10%,NPK+GM处理水稻种植纯收益最高,纯收益增加了1450元/hm^(2)。Aiming at the acidification of red soil paddy fields,this study compared the comprehensive effects of different acid regulation measures on soil acidification and rice yields,aiming to provide support for the establishment of a rice cultivation technology system with high and stable yields in acidified paddy fields in Jiangxi.The experiment was conducted on the red soil paddy field in Shexi Town,Shangyou County,Ganzhou City,Jiangxi Province.With the habitual application of chemical fertilizer(NPK)as the control,five acid regulation measures were designed,including NPK combined with lime(NPK+L),green manure(NPK+GM),organic manure(NPK+OM),straw(NPK+S),and lime+green manure+organic manure(NPK+L+GM+OM).The results showed that compared with the NPK treatment,five acid regulation measures increased the soil pH value.The soil organic matter content of the NPK+GM treatment was the highest,increasing by 6.25%.The content of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available potassium,and slow-release potassium in the soil with different acid regulation measures also increased to varying degrees.The NPK+L+GM+OM treatment had the best improving effect on rice yields,with increases of 4.50%in the yield of early rice and 6.10%in the yield of late rice.The NPK+GM treatment had the highest net income of rice planting,which increased by 1450 yuan/hm^(2).

关 键 词：石灰 绿肥 有机肥 酸化 有机质 水稻 产量 江西 

分 类 号：S156.6[农业科学—土壤学]