长沙县典型稻区灌溉沟渠水体重金属污染状况及风险特征  

The Heavy Metal Pollution Status and Risk Characteristics of Water Bodies of Irrigation Ditches in Typical Rice Areas of Changsha County

作　　者：周洁 周经明 ZHOU Jie;ZHOU Jing-ming(Hunan East Dongting Lake National Nature Reserve Administration,Yueyang 414000,PRC;Yueyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yueyang 414000,PRC)

机构地区：[1]湖南东洞庭湖国家级自然保护区管理局,湖南岳阳414000 [2]岳阳市农业科学研究院,湖南岳阳414000

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2025年第3期47-51,共5页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：以湖南长沙县典型稻区灌溉沟渠水体为研究对象,监测平水期、枯水期和丰水期灌溉沟渠水体的重金属含量特征并进行风险评价,以期为区域农田灌溉用水及水体环境风险管理提供依据。研究结果表明,长沙县8个镇的灌溉沟渠水体Cd、6+Pb、As、Hg、Cr含量皆未超过GB5084—2021农田灌溉水质标准限量值,且皆表现为丰水期>平水期≈枯水期;平水期、枯水期和丰水期研究区域灌溉沟渠水体5种重金属的单因子污染指数和综合污染指数皆显示其为清洁水平,As和Cd污染风险相对较高。在此基础上提出相关建议:应在农业生产灌溉中尽量减少对灌溉沟渠底泥的扰动,尽量防止暴雨后的洪水进入农田,降低灌溉水的重金属污染风险。Taking water bodies of irrigation ditches in typical rice areas of Changsha County in Hunan Province as the research object,characteristics of heavy metal content in water bodies of irrigation ditches during normal water period,low water period and high water period were monitored,and risk assessment was carried out,so as to provide basis for regional farmland irrigation water 6+and water body environment risk management.The results showed that the contents of Cd,Pb,As,Hg and Cr in the water bodies of irrigation ditches of 8 towns in Changsha County did not exceed the limit value of the farmland irrigation water quality standard(GB 5084—2021),and all showed the characteristics of high water period>normal water period≈low water period.The single factor pollution index and comprehensive pollution index of 5 kinds of heavy metals in water bodies of irrigation ditches in the study area during normal water period,low water period and high water period showed that they were clean,and the pollution risks of As and Cd were relatively high.Hence,relevant suggestions were put forward:the disturbance to the sediment of irrigation ditches should be minimized in agricultural production irrigation,and the flood after heavy rain should be prevented from entering farmland as much as possible,so as to reduce the risk of heavy metal pollution in irrigation water.

关 键 词：灌溉水 重金属 污染风险 水稻 长沙县 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]