“十四五”时期我国生态环境保护政策的评价--基于PMC指数模型分析  

Evaluation of China's ecological environment protection policies during the 14th Five-Year Plan period:Based on PMC index model analysis

作　　者：吕浩然 李林叶 LYU Haoran;Li Linye(School of Political Science and Public Administration,Xinjiang University(National Security College),Urumqi Xinjiang 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学政治与公共管理学院(国家安全学院),新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《环境与发展》2025年第2期1-11,17,共12页Environment & Development

基　　金：仰恩大学2024年校级科研培育计划项目“产业共生视角下工业固体废弃物资源化的政府激励机制研究”(SK202404)。

摘　　要：【目的】生态环境保护对于实现我国生态环境保护目标,构建生态文明和可持续发展具有重要作用,对现行政策的量化评价可为后续政策的制定提供理论参考。【方法】本文以“十四五”期间我国31个省市出台的31项生态环境保护政策为样本,通过文本挖掘确定生态环境保护政策评价指标体系,并以此建立PMC指数模型,进而对随机抽取的10项生态环境保护政策进行量化评价。【结果】研究表明:我国生态环境保护政策总体设计较为科学合理。10项政策文本中,6项处于优秀等级,4项处于良好等级。但是政策受体覆盖范围不够全面、政策工具运用不够均衡、政策功能未能落实。【结论】首先,应扩大生态环境保护政策的受体范围;其次,应加强管制型和自愿型政策工具的使用;最后,要强化政策功能的落实。【Purpose】Ecological environment protection plays an important role in achieving China′s ecological environment protection goals,ecological civilization and sustainable development.Quantitative evaluation of relative policies will provide theoretical reference in subsequent policy formulation.【Method】This article takes 31 ecological and environmental protection policies as samples,which were introduced by 31 provinces and cities in China during the 14th FiveYear Plan period.The evaluation index system of ecological and environmental protection policies are set through text mining and a PMC index model are established to evaluate 10 randomly selected ecological and environmental protection policies.【Result】Research shows that the overall design of China′s ecological environment protection policies is relatively scientific and reasonable.Among the 10 policy texts,6 are rated as excellent and 4 are rated as good.However,the coverage of policy receptors is not comprehensive enough,the use of policy tools is not balanced enough,and the functions of policy have not been fully implemented.Therefore,corresponding optimization suggestions are proposed.【Conclusion】Firstly,the scope of recipients of ecological environment protection policies should be expanded.Secondly,the use of regulatory and voluntary policy tools should be strengthened.Finally,the implementation of policy functions should be strengthened.

关 键 词：生态环境保护 政策评价 生态环境保护政策 PMC指数模型 

分 类 号：X32[环境科学与工程—环境工程]