标准化对旅游业全要素生产率的影响研究——基于创业活跃度的调节效应  

The Impact of Standardization on Tourism Total Factor Productivity:The Moderating Effect of Entrepreneurial Activity

作　　者：王彧[1] 戴亿坤 王艳如 孙晓洋 WANG Yu;DAI Yikun;WANG Yanru;SUN Xiaoyang(School of Business Administration,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan 430073,China)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学工商管理学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《旅游导刊》2025年第2期60-79,共20页Tourism and Hospitality Prospects

基　　金：湖北省高校专业与标准化教育融合试点建设项目(项目编号:鄂市监标函〔2023〕102);中南财经政法大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项研究生科研创新平台项目(项目编号:202511351)共同资助。

摘　　要：标准化是提升全要素生产率、推动高质量发展的有力工具。本文以旅游业标准化试点政策作为一项准自然实验,运用DEA-Malmquist方法对我国2006年至2019年240个地级市的旅游业全要素生产率进行测算,并借助多期双重差分模型评估旅游业标准化建设对旅游全要素生产率所产生的影响。研究结果表明旅游标准化建设显著提升了城市的旅游业全要素生产率,且其作用的发挥更多依托于技术进步,本文运用PSM-DID、合成双重差分、安慰剂检验等多种方法证实了这一结论的可靠性。在进一步分析后,发现创业活跃度在旅游标准化与旅游业全要素生产率的关系中呈现倒U形调节作用,并且旅游标准化对经济欠发达地区、旅游资源禀赋欠佳以及市场信用较差的城市助力效果更为显著。本研究为旅游业标准化的提质增效作用提供了新的经验证据。Standardization serves as a crucial instrument for enhancing total factor productivity and driving high-quality development.Using the staggered implementation of tourism standardization pilot programs as a quasi-natural experiment,this study employs the DEA-Malmquist index to measure tourism total factor productivity across 240 prefecture-level cities in China from 2006 to 2019.A multi-period difference-in-differences(DID)model is then applied to assess the impact of these standardization initiatives on tourism total factor productivity.The results demonstrate that tourism standardization significantly improves total factor productivity within the tourism sector,primarily through technological advancements.The robustness of these findings is validated using propensity score matching DID(PSM-DID),synthetic DID,and placebo tests.Further analysis reveals an inverted U-shaped moderating effect of entrepreneurial activity on the relationship between tourism standardization and total factor productivity.Moreover,the positive effects of standardization are amplified in cities with underdeveloped economies,limited tourism resources,and weak market credit.This study provides novel empirical evidence supporting the efficacy of tourism standardization in enhancing both quality and efficiency within the tourism industry.

关 键 词：旅游标准化 旅游业全要素生产率 双重差分 旅游创业活跃度 

分 类 号：F59[经济管理—旅游管理]