武汉地区老年发热呼吸道症候群流行病学特征及季节性分析  

Epidemiological Characteristics and Seasonal Analysis of Elderly Patients with Febrile Respiratory Syndrome in Wuhan Area

作　　者：李倩[1] 魏婷[2] 柳湘洁 刘晓霞 夏明 魏亮 梁丽媛 张丽萍 LI Qian;WEI Ting;LIU Xiangjie;LIU Xiaoxia;XIA Ming;WEI Liang;LIANG Liyuan;ZHANG Liping(Department of Geriatrics,Liyuan Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430077,China;the First Department of Cardiovascular Diseases,Liyuan Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430077,China;Department of Cardiology,the Fourth Hospital of Wuhan City,Wuhan 430030,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属梨园医院老年病科,武汉430077 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院附属梨园医院心血管一病区,武汉430077 [3]武汉市第四医院心血管内科,武汉430030

出　　处：《临床误诊误治》2025年第9期71-76,共6页Clinical Misdiagnosis & Mistherapy

基　　金：湖北省2023—2024年度中医药科研立项项目(ZY2023M021)。

摘　　要：目的 分析武汉地区老年发热呼吸道症候群流行病学特征及季节性变化。方法 收集2021年1月至2023年12月武汉地区哨点医院老年发热呼吸道症候群病例标本468份,对标本进行多重实时荧光PCR检测,并对阳性结果进行分析。结果 老年发热呼吸道症候群病例标本468份中,检出阳性标本254份,总阳性率为54.27%,男性和女性标本阳性检出率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。468份标本中共检出21种病原体,其中检出率前5的病原体分别为肺炎链球菌132份(51.97%)、流感嗜血杆菌65份(25.59%)、流感病毒32份(12.60%)、呼吸道合胞病毒29份(11.42%)和鼻病毒19份(7.48%)。不同年龄、不同性别患者前5种病原体检出率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2021至2023年前5种病原体检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。前5种病原体呈明显的周期性变化,以冬季检出率最高(P<0.05)。其中肺炎链球菌感染具有明显的季节性特点,冬季高发(P<0.05)。结论 武汉地区的老年发热呼吸道症候群感染以肺炎链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌、流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒及鼻病毒为主,感染高峰期是冬季。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and seasonal variation of febrile respiratory syndrome(FRS) in the elderly in Wuhan area.Methods A total of 468 specimens were collected from elderly patients with FRS in the sentinel hospitals in Wuhan from January 2021 to December 2023.The specimens were detected by multiplex real-time PCR,and the positive results were analyzed.Results Of 468 samples from elderly patients with FRS,254 positive specimens were detected,and the total positive rate was 54.27%.There was no significant difference in the positive detection rate between male and female samples(P>0.05).A total of 21 pathogens were detected in 468 specimens,and the top 5 pathogens were Streptococcus pneumoniae(n=132,51.97%),Haemophilus influenzae(n=65,25.59%),influenza virus(n=32,12.60%),respiratory syncytial virus(n=29,11.42%) and rhinovirus(n=19,7.48%).There was no significant difference in the detection rates of the top 5 pathogens among patients with different ages and genders(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the detection rate of the top 5 pathogens from 2021 to 2023(P>0.05).The top five pathogens showed obvious periodic changes,and the detection rate was the highest in winter(P<0.05).Among them,Streptococcus pneumoniae infection had obvious seasonal characteristics,with a high incidence in winter(P<0.05).Conclusion Streptococcus pneumoniae,Haemophilus influenzae,influenza virus,respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus are the main pathogens in elderly patients with FRS in Wuhan area,and the infection peak season is winter.

关 键 词：发热呼吸道症候群 老年 流行情况 季节性 肺炎链球菌 流感嗜血杆菌 呼吸道合胞病毒 

分 类 号：R56[医药卫生—呼吸系统]